Emerging Threats in Internet of Things Voice Services

Kumar, Deepak; Paccagnella, Riccardo; Murley, Paul; Hennenfent, Eric; Mason, Joshua; Bates, Adam; Bailey, Michael

doi:10.1109/msec.2019.2910013

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Authors in [31] identify different types of malicious actors that can put the privacy and security of the users at risk by wiretapping, impersonating the users, and exploiting other security vulnerabilities of the VA's. Extant research shows that the users are extremely concerned regarding the amount and type of data the VA's collect [32], and the third parties with whom their personal information is shared without taking any user consent [33,34].…”

Section: Voice Assistants Privacy and Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Information Disclosure via Voice Assistants: The Personalization–Privacy Paradox

2020

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The purpose of this research is to examine the factors affecting the willingness to disclose personal information based upon the privacy calculus framework and its relation to the continued usage of the Voice Assistant (VA) devices. The information disclosure is analyzed from a dual channel benefit/risk perspective through the calculus lens. Particularly, the joint effects of the two independent paths of benefits and risks that can induce the desire to disclose personal information, along with their various antecedents are proposed and empirically tested. Data are collected from 427 respondents using Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) as the platform and analyzed using a Maximum Likelihood Structural Equation Modelling (ML-SEM) technique. The analysis shows that personalized services, perceived enjoyment and perceived complementarity influence the perceived benefits, which in turn positively affects the personal information disclosure. Perceived severity and perceived control are found to have a positive effect, while perceived trust has a negative effect on the perceived risks, respectively, which in turn is negatively associated with the personal information disclosure. Compared to the perceived risks, the effect of perceived benefits on the information disclosure is found to be stronger, which motivates the users to continuously use the services of the VA devices. This work extends the current literatures on privacy concerns to the users' intention of disclosing their personal information by proposing and empirically testing six hypotheses as a part of the research model. Finally, the research implications are discussed, and suggestions are provided.

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Section: Voice Assistants Privacy and Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Information Disclosure via Voice Assistants: The Personalization–Privacy Paradox

2020

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“…A second example concerns Amazon's 'Alexa', which Kumar, Paccagnella, Murley, Hennenfent, Mason, Bates and Bailey (2018) have studied, and describe as a "speech-recognition engine that powers the Amazon Echo family of devices". It acts as a voice assistant and can help plan routines around the user's home or work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It acts as a voice assistant and can help plan routines around the user's home or work. The study conducted by Kumar et al (2018) was an empiricallinguistic analysis of interpretation errors made by this technological creation of Amazon's (that is, 'Alexa'). Their findings include many users experiencing frequent misinterpretations by the device.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Dark technology’, aggressiveness and the question of cyber-ethics

Mbinjama

Olivier

2020

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We live in a thoroughly technocratic culture (Castells 2010; Germain 2017). 'Technocratic' means literally 'the rule of technology', and as Heidegger demonstrated in his forceful essay, "The Question Concerning Technology" (1977), our era is marked by this. It assumes many guises, of course, and although Heidegger was thinking of industrial technology, such as, among other things, factories spewing black smoke into a once pristine atmosphere, what may seem to be the innocuous and 'clean' technology of computers, iPads and smartphones, turns out, on closer inspection, to be far less so. Some years ago there was a keynote address at a communications theory conference (IAMCR, June 2013) in Dublin, Ireland, presented by Professor Richard Maxwell, of Queens College, New York. He disabused his audience of the idea that the laptops and smartphones we use are 'clean' technology. The materials and industrial processes that are involved in manufacturing these, he said, amount to the equivalent of approximately 800 000 cars' carbon emissions per annum. But this 'materialist' perspective is not the only one to reveal a downside to our precious communications technology, the mainstay of which is the internet. Arguably, the social effects it has on human lives are even more deleterious. Granted, technology is a pharmakon-poison and cure-so we do not dispute its usefulness as a tool; in fact, without our laptops we could not write this paper, nor write up any research. But most people seem to be blind to its 'poisonous' character, which has to be kept firmly in mind if one wishes to live a fairly balanced life. This poisonous, or 'dark', aspect of communications technology, or broadly, of connectivity-which one knows all too well from the phenomenon known as 'trolling' (let alone 'cyber-crime'; see Gross 2018) on various internet sites (Moreau 2019)-is strikingly thematised in Henry Alex Rubin's critically acclaimed film, Disconnect (Rubin 2012). The film's title can be read as both a descriptive term pertaining to the almost pathological situation of 'connectivity overload' and 'performance exhaustion' among (especially young) people in a so-called

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“…Smart speakers can often interact with other devices through the internet of things and even be used to make financial transactions, thus creating a whole new area for phishers to target. As shown by Kumar et al, who demonstrated that by creating a skill that utilized the command "Am X" when an Alexa user attempted to use the American Express skill (with the skill name "Amex"), the user could easily be redirected to a phishing version of the login screen for American Express and their credentials stolen [69]. Some countermeasures have been proposed for this whereby before a skill is accepted it could be checked to see if the skill could be mistaken for an already existing command, although this does not seem to have yet been implemented.…”

Section: Sound Squattingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phishing Attacks Survey: Types, Vectors, and Technical Approaches

Alabdan

2020

Future Internet

114

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Phishing attacks, which have existed for several decades and continue to be a major problem today, constitute a severe threat in the cyber world. Attackers are adopting multiple new and creative methods through which to conduct phishing attacks, which are growing rapidly. Therefore, there is a need to conduct a comprehensive review of past and current phishing approaches. In this paper, a review of the approaches used during phishing attacks is presented. This paper comprises a literature review, followed by a comprehensive examination of the characteristics of the existing classic, modern, and cutting-edge phishing attack techniques. The aims of this paper are to build awareness of phishing techniques, educate individuals about these attacks, and encourage the use of phishing prevention techniques, in addition to encouraging discourse among the professional community about this topic.

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Emerging Threats in Internet of Things Voice Services

Cited by 28 publications

References 2 publications

Personal Information Disclosure via Voice Assistants: The Personalization–Privacy Paradox

Personal Information Disclosure via Voice Assistants: The Personalization–Privacy Paradox

‘Dark technology’, aggressiveness and the question of cyber-ethics

Phishing Attacks Survey: Types, Vectors, and Technical Approaches

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