Emerging Technologies to Study the Glomerular Filtration Barrier

Gong, Emma; Perin, Laura; Sacco, Stefano Da; Sedrakyan, Sargis

doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.772883

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…They closely mimic the internal environment and hold promise for organ regeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening [ 210 ]. Moreover, the development of kidney organoids and microfluidic systems has opened up the possibility of in vitro studies of proteinuric diseases for the first time, facilitating mechanistic and preclinical investigations [ 211 ].…”

Section: Application Of New Technologies In Studying Cell Interaction...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk among podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells and mesangial cells in diabetic kidney disease: an updated review

Hu,

Hang,

Wei

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a long-term and serious complication of diabetes that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by proteinuria, glomerular damage, and renal fibrosis, leading to end-stage renal disease, and the pathogenesis is complex and involves multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among three kinds of intraglomerular cells including podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) and mesangial cells (MCs), the alterations in one cell type can produce changes in the others. The cell-to-cell crosstalk plays a crucial role in maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) and homeostasis. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in understanding the pathological changes and interactions of these three types of cells in DKD and then focused on the signaling pathways and factors that mediate the crosstalk, such as angiopoietins, vascular endothelial growth factors, transforming growth factor-β, Krüppel-like factors, retinoic acid receptor response protein 1 and exosomes, etc. Furthermore, we also simply introduce the application of the latest technologies in studying cell interactions within glomerular cells and new promising mediators for cell crosstalk in DKD. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive and updated overview of the glomerular crosstalk in DKD and highlights its importance for the development of novel intervention approaches.

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Section: Application Of New Technologies In Studying Cell Interaction...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk among podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells and mesangial cells in diabetic kidney disease: an updated review

Hu,

Hang,

Wei

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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“…37 In another study, a human kidney glomerulus chip that replicated the glomerulus' permselectivity was used to study the renal effects of auto-immunity. 38 In this review, recent developments in OoC-based in vitro models for the study of hereditary renal disease are discussed followed by an exploration of its proficiency to help uncover additional disease pathomechanisms and culminate into fresh therapeutic approaches. Kidney-on-chip (KoC) models aim to recreate the essential kidney functions in the laboratory.…”

Section: Kidney-on-chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organs-on-chips Provide Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Disease and Facilitate the Design of Newer Treatment Strategies: A Concise Review

Nayak,

Sondkar,

Vinchurkar

et al. 2024

J Explor Res Pharmacol

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Although multiple intricate and drawn-out in vivo investigations and complex in vitro assays are carried out as a part of the routine safety screening of drugs, medication failures arising out of safety-related issues continue to be an area of concern for pharmaceutical operations. Some of these failures may be explained by a lack of mathematical models to translate animal data into human data. Moreover, there may be differences in the sensitivity and drug disposition between humans and animals. Microphysiological systems may offer a way to more accurately represent these target tissues and a chance to better evaluate certain facets of human safety. As such, the ability of organs-on-chips to provide information at various development phases in drug discovery has sparked interest in recent years. This cutting-edge technology may aid in shedding light on the functioning of human organs and the pathophysiology of diseases. Also, they can be used to accurately predict the efficacy and safety of experimental medications in humans. Organs-on-chips know-how has been employed to successfully imitate specific nephron components including but not limited to the glomeruli, proximal as well as distal tubules, and collecting duct, all of which can be used in the testing of drugs for genetic kidney disorders. This review includes an overview of this technology along with some of its applications, challenges, and recommendations for the future.

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“…The other method is to model glomeruli on a chip using emerging microengineering technologies, such as microfluidics [21][22][23], microfabrication [24,25] and 3D printing [16,[26][27][28][29][30]. This method can solve the issues of the connection between the modeled glomeruli and the external perfusion system as well as the separation of blood and filtrate compartments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A glomerulus chip with spherically twisted cell-laden hollow fibers as glomerular capillary tufts

Dai

Li²,

Shi³

et al. 2023

Biofabrication

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Glomerulus-on-a-chip, as a promising alternative for drug nephrotoxicity evaluation, is attracting increasing attention. For glomerulus-on-a-chip, the more biomimetic the chip is, the more convincing the application of the chip is. In this study, we proposed a hollow fiber-based biomimetic glomerulus chip that can regulate filtration in response to blood pressure and hormone levels. On the chip developed here, bundles of hollow fibers were spherically twisted and embedded in designed Bowman’s capsules to form spherical glomerular capillary tufts, with podocytes and endotheliocytes cultured on the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow fibers, respectively. We evaluated the morphology of cells, the viability of cells, and the metabolic function of cells in terms of glucose consumption and urea synthesis by comparing the results obtained under fluidic and static conditions, confirmed the barrier function of the endotheliocyte-fiber membrane-podocyte structure by monitoring the diffusion of FITC-labeled inulin, albumin and IgG, and, for the first time, achieved on-chip filtration regulation in response to the hormone atrial natriuretic peptide. In addition, the application of the chip in the evaluation of drug nephrotoxicity was also preliminarily demonstrated. This work offers insights into the design of a more physiologically similar glomerulus on a microfluidic chip.

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Emerging Technologies to Study the Glomerular Filtration Barrier

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Crosstalk among podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells and mesangial cells in diabetic kidney disease: an updated review

Crosstalk among podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells and mesangial cells in diabetic kidney disease: an updated review

Organs-on-chips Provide Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Disease and Facilitate the Design of Newer Treatment Strategies: A Concise Review

A glomerulus chip with spherically twisted cell-laden hollow fibers as glomerular capillary tufts

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