Emerging technologies for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem affecting 422 million people worldwide, of which 34.2 million live in the United States alone. Complications due to diabetes can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality related to both microvascular and macrovascular disease. While glycosylated hemoglobin testing is the standard test utilized to evaluate glycemic control, emerging targets like "time in range" and "glycemic variability" often provide more accurate assessments of glycemic fluctuations and have implications for diabetes complications and quality of life. Patients with diabetes face considerable burdens of self-care including frequent glucose monitoring, multiple insulin injections, dietary management, and the need to track daily activities, all of which lead to reduced adherence and psychological burnout. From the provider perspective, limited patient data and access to self-management tools lead to treatment inertia and a reduced ability to help patients achieve and maintain their glycemic goals. In the past few decades, there have been considerable advances in treatment-based technology and technological applications designed to help reduce patient burden and provide tools for better self-management. These advances make real-time clinical data available for clinicians to make necessary changes in treatment regimens. In this review, we discuss the latest emerging technologies available for the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. K E Y W O R D S technology, type 2 diabetes mellitus HighlightsThe use of technology in diabetes self-management and education has expanded significantly over the past few decades and offers platforms for the rapid development of patient-centered interventions to achieve optimal glycemic control. Utilization of technology has the potential to lessen patient burden by seamlessly integrating real-time feedback into patients' daily lifestyle and provide an option for review of health data remotely by care teams. We

Diabetes Patients’ Acceptance of Injectable Treatment, a Scientometric Analysis

“…Alongside these, psychological barriers such as fear and loss of control were reported. Additionally, social barriers were encountered, considering the frequency of daily treatment [58,59]. Patients' adherence to treatment relies on informing them about the proposed blood glucose lowering targets, as well as possible complications that can arise while the disease develops.…”

Short- and Long-Term Effects on Glucose Control of Nonadherence to Insulin Therapy in People With Type 2 Diabetes An In Silico Study

“…In this regard, it has been shown that emerging technologies, like continuous glucose monitoring, connected insulin pens and artificial pancreas, may help to maximize therapy adherence and consequently improve BG control. [7][8][9] However, the impaired adherence to insulin therapy in T2D patients is still poorly investigated [10][11][12] and differences between T1D and T2D may exist. This calls for developing tailored solutions to properly predict and treat diabetes complications in target populations.…”

Impacto das novas tecnologias no tratamento do Diabetes Mellitus

“…Devido a necessidade de maior controle da doença, pessoas com diabetes tendem a precisar de maior autocuidado associado a automonitorização da glicose, uso de medicação, dieta adequada e realização de exercícios físicos. A quantidade de variáveis que prescindem serem controladas para o tratamento adequado do DM, bem como a dificuldade de acesso e o alto custo, são fatores que corroboram para o desgaste do tratamento, e por esse motivo, ferramentas que facilitem a gestão Brazilian Journal of Health Review, Curitiba, v. 5, n. 6, p. 23341-23354, nov./dec., 2022 da doença são importantes para diminuir a carga substancial do paciente e para melhorar sua qualidade de vida (DUKE et al, 2018;SHAH;LEVY, 2021).…”

“…Já os de administração de insulina compreendem as canetas e bombas de insulina, e sistemas de circuito fechado. Além dessas tecnologias proximais citadas, há também as distais que compreendem os sistemas eletrônicos projetados para fornecer serviços remotamente, que se tornam importantes para a comunicação, intervenção e educação desses pacientes (LI; HUSSAIN, 2020;DUKE et al, 2018;SHAH;LEVY, 2021).…”