Emerging technologies for biomedical analysis

Abstract

Options for biomedical analysis continue to evolve from many fields of study, employing diverse detection and quantification methods. New technologies in this arena focus on improving the sensitivity of analysis and the speed of testing, as well as producing systems at low cost which can be used on site as a point-of-care device for telemedicine applications. In this article, the most important original experimental platforms as well as current commercial approaches to biomedical analysis are critically chosen and reviewed, covering January 2010 to January 2014. While literature is quite broad and numerous, there is clear emphasis on biological recognition and imaging for the most impactful works. The analytical approaches are discussed in terms of their utility in diagnostics and biomedical testing.

Low-cost genotyping method based on allele-specific recombinase polymerase amplification and colorimetric microarray detection

“…Other advantages were reduced size, which was compatible with portable heating systems (i.e. miniaturized Peltier-based devices), and facilitated their adaptation for field or doctor office applications [11,12]. These performances confirmed PLA-additive manufacturing to be a strategy for the rapid versatile low-cost prototyping of bioanalytical devices.…”

Universal electronics for miniature and automated chemical assays

“…For detailed overviews of the use of smartphones in analytical chemistry, the readers are directed to the specialised review articles published recently. [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] The book edited by Karlen 57 also provides a nice overview of the design and applications of mobile point-of-care diagnostic tools. One may speculate that smartphones will certainly play a significant role in the development of portable analytical devices in the near future.…”

Digital versatile discs as platforms for multiplexed genotyping based on selective ligation and universal microarray detection

“…In recent years, molecular technologies have identified genetic biomarkers associated with drug metabolism and transportation, where single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant and relevant. 1,2 These relationships between genetic populations and drug response have been successfully applied to decision making. 3 In fact pharmacogenomics is currently considered one of the most actionable areas of the personalized medicine paradigm.…”

“…T: Probes of the target SNP (rs2319398). A: Probes for Mix 1 (1-9 SNPs); B: Probes for Mix 2 (1, 10-18 SNPs); C: Probes for Mix 3(1,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). * * * : test t, p-value<0.001…”