Emerging Roles for G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 in Cardio-Renal Health: Implications for Aging

Singh, Ravneet; Nasci, Victoria; Guthrie, Ginger; Ertuğlu, Lale A.; Butt, Maryam K.; Kirabo, Annet; Gohar, Eman Y.

doi:10.3390/biom12030412

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 251 publications

(372 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, ET-1 mediates vascular tone and the equilibrium mediated by the two isoforms ETAR and ETBR. The ET-1 receptor also induces the production of growth factors, ROS, and inflammatory mediators [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Available studies indicate that ET-1 levels fluctuate more in women based on the concentration of circulating female hormones compared to men of the same age [ 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Effect Of Sex Hormone Differences On Endothelial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperuricemia and Endothelial Function: Is It a Simple Association or Do Gender Differences Play a Role in This Binomial?

Ciarambino

Giordano

2022

Biomedicines

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The endothelium plays a fundamental role in the biological processes that ensure physiological vessel integrity, synthesizing numerous substances that are capable of modulating the tone of vessels, inflammation and the immune system, and platelet function. Endothelial dysfunction refers to an anomaly that develops at the level of the tunica that lines the internal surface of arterial and venous vessels, or, more precisely, an alteration to normal endothelial function, which involves the loss of some structural and/or functional characteristics. Studies on sex differences in endothelial function are conflicting, with some showing an earlier decline in endothelial function in men compared to women, while others show a similar age of onset between the sexes. Since increased cardiovascular risk coincides with menopause, female hormones, particularly estrogen, are generally believed to be cardioprotective. Furthermore, it is often proposed that androgens are harmful. In truth, these relationships are more complex than one might think and are not just dependent on fluctuations in circulating hormones. An increase in serum uric acid is widely regarded as a possible risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, its role in the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction has not yet been elucidated. Several studies in the literature have evaluated sex-related differences in the association between elevated uric acid levels and cardiovascular events, with conflicting results. The association between uric acid and cardiovascular disease is still controversial, and it is not yet clear how gender differences affect the serum concentration of these substances. This review was primarily aimed at clarifying the effects of uric acid at the level of the vascular endothelium and describing how it could theoretically cause damage to endothelial integrity. The second aim was to determine if there are gender differences in uric acid metabolism and how these differences interact with the vascular endothelium.

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Section: Effect Of Sex Hormone Differences On Endothelial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperuricemia and Endothelial Function: Is It a Simple Association or Do Gender Differences Play a Role in This Binomial?

Ciarambino

Giordano

2022

Biomedicines

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How New Developments in Pharmacology Receptor Theory Are Changing (Our Understanding of) Hypertension Therapy

Watts,

Townsend,

Neubig

2023

American Journal of Hypertension

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Many hypertension therapeutics were developed prior to major advances in drug receptor theory. Moreover, newer drugs may take advantage of some of the newly understood modalities of receptor function. The goal of this review is to provide an up-to-date summary of drug-receptor theory. This is followed by discussion of the drug classes recognized for treating hypertension to which new concepts in receptor theory apply. We raise ideas for mechanisms of potential new antihypertensive drugs and whether they may take advantage of new theories in drug-receptor interaction.

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Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms

Drury

Gigliotti

et al. 2024

Physiological Reviews

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The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's Generation of Animals over 300 years BC. While the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in Metaphysics, the recent emphasis on sex comparison in research studies has led to the question "how are the sexes different" being addressed in health science through numerous observational studies in both health and disease susceptibility, including blood pressure regulation and hypertension. These efforts have resulted in better understanding of differences in males and females at the molecular level that partially explain their differences in vascular function and renal sodium handling, and hence blood pressure and the consequential cardiovascular and kidney disease risks in hypertension. This review will focus on clinical studies comparing differences between men and women in blood pressure over the lifespan and response to dietary sodium, and will highlight experimental models investigating sexual dimorphism in the renin angiotensin-aldosterone, vascular, sympathetic nervous and immune systems, endothelin, the major renal sodium transporters/exchangers, and the impact of sex hormones on these systems in blood pressure homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms governing sex differences in blood pressure regulation could guide novel therapeutic approaches in a sex-specific manner to lower cardiovascular risks in hypertension and advance personalized medicine.

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Emerging Roles for G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 in Cardio-Renal Health: Implications for Aging

Cited by 3 publications

References 251 publications

Hyperuricemia and Endothelial Function: Is It a Simple Association or Do Gender Differences Play a Role in This Binomial?

Hyperuricemia and Endothelial Function: Is It a Simple Association or Do Gender Differences Play a Role in This Binomial?

How New Developments in Pharmacology Receptor Theory Are Changing (Our Understanding of) Hypertension Therapy

Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms

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