Emerging risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Benhammou, Jihane N.; Lin, Jonathan H.; Hussain, Shehnaz K.; El-Kabany, Mohamed

doi:10.20517/2394-5079.2020.16

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Apart from directly promotes cancer progression, hyperglycemia increases the levels of insulin/IGF-1 and inflammatory cytokines in circulation (36). Metabolic disorder was associated with increased risk of liver cancer (37). In this study, the association of glucose intolerance with liver cancer was not evident possibly due to few cases of liver cancer diagnosed in this cohort.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Glucose Intolerance and Cancer Risk: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China

Lin

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundCancer becomes the leading cause of premature death in China. Primary objective of this study was to determine the major risk factors especially glucose intolerance for cancer prophylaxis.MethodsA cluster sampling method was applied to enroll 10,657 community-based adults aged 15-92 years in Shanghai, China in 2013. A structured questionnaire and physical examination were applied in baseline survey. Prediabetes was diagnosed using 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. After excluding 1433 subjects including 224 diagnosed with cancer before and 1 year after baseline survey, the remaining 9,224 subjects were followed-up to December 31, 2020.ResultsA total of 502 new cancer cases were diagnosed. The cancer incidence was 10.29, 9.20, and 5.95/1,000 person-years in diabetes patients, those with prediabetes, and healthy participants, respectively (p<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age, prediabetes and diabetes, were associated with an increased risk of cancer in those <65 years, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for prediabetes and diabetes were, 1.49(1.09-2.02) and 1.51(1.12-2.02), respectively. Glucose intolerance (prediabetes and diabetes) were associated with increased risks of stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, and kidney cancer in those <65 years. Anti-diabetic medications reduced the risk of cancer caused by diabetes. The multivariate Cox analysis showed that age, male, <9 years of education, and current smoking were associated with increased risks of cancer in those ≥65 years independently.ConclusionsGlucose intolerance is the prominent cancer risk factor in adults <65 years. Lifestyle intervention and medications to treat glucose intolerance help prevent cancer in this population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Glucose Intolerance and Cancer Risk: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China

Lin

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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“…94 NAFLD is characterized by an accumulation of fat in liver which results in inflammation and destruction of hepatocytes, also promoting the development of cirrhosis and HCC. [95][96][97] Increased YAP/TAZ levels have been shown in mouse models of NAFLD and in NAFLD patient biopsies. In a mouse model, overexpression of Taz-induced liver inflammation, NAFLD, and tumor formation.…”

Section: Regulates Liver Metabolism and Cell Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hippo pathway: A master regulator of liver metabolism, regeneration, and disease

et al. 2021

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“…Recently, the rate of HCC patients with non-viral etiologies continues to increase [396] , and there is concern about an increase in the development of HCC in NAFLD patients. Obesity, T2DM, and dyslipidemia in NAFLD patients are associated with the development of HCC [397] .…”

Section: Changes In Immune Dynamics Owing To Therapeutic Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of CD4+ T-cells in the pathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and related diseases

Seike¹,

Mizukoshi²,

Kaneko³

2021

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is considered a liver phenotype of metabolic diseases, is becoming a major cause of chronic liver disease. Multiple factors influence and interact with each other in a complex manner to form this pathological condition. As evidenced by low-grade chronic inflammation in obesity, which is a basic pathological feature of NAFLD, immune cell infiltration can occur in various organs, and immune cell infiltration into the liver plays an important role in the development of steatohepatitis. In recent years, an increasing number of reports indicate the involvement of innate immunity and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. CD4 + T-cells, which serve as an essential and complex element of the immune system and major regulators of host health and disease, are differentiated into functional T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, T follicular helper, and regulatory T-cells upon antigen stimulation in a special cytokine environment. In NAFLD patients, various pathological conditions such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and adipose tissue inflammation coexist. Hence, T-cells can be affected by each of these pathological conditions. This review covers and discusses the reports on NAFLD and its associated pathologies as well as their effects on CD4 + T-cells.

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Emerging risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 18 publications

References 143 publications

Glucose Intolerance and Cancer Risk: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China

Glucose Intolerance and Cancer Risk: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China

The hippo pathway: A master regulator of liver metabolism, regeneration, and disease

Role of CD4+ T-cells in the pathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and related diseases

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