Emerging neglected helminthiasis and determinants of multiple helminth infections in flood-prone township in Myanmar

Han, Kay Thwe; Wai, Khin Thet; Aye, Kyin Hla; Kyaw, Khine Wah; Maung, Wai Phyo; Oo, Tin

doi:10.1186/s41182-018-0133-6

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…from Costa Rica, we detected an L . guyanensis strain positive for LRV1 ( Table S1 ), reinforcing a recent finding indicating the circulation of LRV1 in this area [ 48 ].…”

Section: A Brief History Of the Detection And Dispersion Of Lrv1 Lrv2 And Lbvsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Maze Pathway of Coevolution: A Critical Review over the Leishmania and Its Endosymbiotic History

Cantanhêde

Mata-Somarribas

Chourabi

et al. 2021

Genes

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The description of the genus Leishmania as the causative agent of leishmaniasis occurred in the modern age. However, evolutionary studies suggest that the origin of Leishmania can be traced back to the Mesozoic era. Subsequently, during its evolutionary process, it achieved worldwide dispersion predating the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent. It is assumed that this parasite evolved from monoxenic Trypanosomatidae. Phylogenetic studies locate dixenous Leishmania in a well-supported clade, in the recently named subfamily Leishmaniinae, which also includes monoxenous trypanosomatids. Virus-like particles have been reported in many species of this family. To date, several Leishmania species have been reported to be infected by Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) and Leishbunyavirus (LBV). Since the first descriptions of LRVs decades ago, differences in their genomic structures have been highlighted, leading to the designation of LRV1 in L. (Viannia) species and LRV2 in L. (Leishmania) species. There are strong indications that viruses that infect Leishmania spp. have the ability to enhance parasitic survival in humans as well as in experimental infections, through highly complex and specialized mechanisms. Phylogenetic analyses of these viruses have shown that their genomic differences correlate with the parasite species infected, suggesting a coevolutionary process. Herein, we will explore what has been described in the literature regarding the relationship between Leishmania and endosymbiotic Leishmania viruses and what is known about this association that could contribute to discussions about the worldwide dispersion of Leishmania.

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“…from Costa Rica, we detected an L . guyanensis strain positive for LRV1 ( Table S1 ), reinforcing a recent finding indicating the circulation of LRV1 in this area [ 48 ].…”

Section: A Brief History Of the Detection And Dispersion Of Lrv1 Lrv2 And Lbvsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Maze Pathway of Coevolution: A Critical Review over the Leishmania and Its Endosymbiotic History

Cantanhêde

Mata-Somarribas

Chourabi

et al. 2021

Genes

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“…HIV-infected patients had higher rates of pretreatment LFU in our study consistent with data from other high TBHIV burden settings [ 17 , 26 ]. Late presentation to care could partially account for these LFU patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Patient and health system factors associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with tuberculosis using Xpert® MTB/RIF testing in Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background In 2018, Uganda started only 65% of persons with incident tuberculosis on treatment. Pretreatment loss to follow up is an important contributor to suboptimal treatment coverage. We aimed to describe the patient and health facility-level characteristics associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at public health facilities in Uganda. Methods At ten public health facilities, laboratory register data was used to identify patients aged ≥ 15 years who had a positive Xpert®MTB/RIF test. Initiation on TB treatment was ascertained using the clinical register. Factors associated with not being initiated on TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis were examined using a multilevel logistic regression model accounting for clustering by health facility. Results From January to June 2018, 510 patients (61.2% male and 31.5% HIV co-infected) were diagnosed with tuberculosis. One hundred (19.6%) were not initiated on TB treatment within 2 weeks of diagnosis. Not having a phone number recorded in the clinic registers (aOR 7.93, 95%CI 3.93–13.05); being HIV-infected (aOR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.09–3.26) and receiving care from a high volume health facility performing more than 12 Xpert tests per day (aOR 4.37, 95%CI 1.69–11.29) and were significantly associated with pretreatment loss to follow up. Conclusion In public health facilities in Uganda, we found a high rate of pretreatment loss to follow up especially among TBHIV co-infected patients diagnosed at high volume health facilities. Interventions to improve the efficiency of Xpert® MTB/RIF testing, including monitoring of the TB care cascade should be developed and implemented.

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“…Similar associations between anemia and geographic location have been found in previous studies conducted in different settings of the same region [ 17 , 27 ], and different region [ 6 ]. The southern provinces and some central provinces in Lao PDR are considered to be high malaria-endemic regions particularly in remote festered areas [ 45 , 46 ]. The majority of malaria infections were asymptomatic and half of them were associated with anemia in women [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associate Factors among Women of Reproductive Age in Lao PDR: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey

Kounnavong

Tokinobu

Midorikawa

et al. 2021

Anemia

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Introduction. Anemia continues to be a major public health problem significant among women of reproductive age (WRA) in developing countries, including Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), where the prevalence of anemia among women remains high. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among WRA 15–49 years in Lao PDR. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study, using the Lao Social Indicator Survey II, 2017 dataset. A total of 12,519 WRA tested for anemia were included in this study, through multistage sampling approaches. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors of anemia. Results. Of 12,519 women, 4,907 (39.2%) were anemic. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that living in central provinces (aOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.96–2.38), rural area (aOR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.00–1.20), large family size with more than 6 persons (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29), pregnancy (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.22–1.74), having any adverse pregnancy outcomes (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03–1.25), poor drinking water (aOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10–1.39), and poor sanitation facility (aOR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.28) were significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. Conversely, four factors were associated with anemia preventively, including being aged 25–34 years (aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74–0.90), postsecondary education (aOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.60–0.97), Hmong-Mien ethnicity (aOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.59), and watching television almost daily (aOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75–0.95). Conclusion. Anemia continues to be a major public health challenge in Lao PDR. Interventions should be considered on geographic variations, improving safe water and sanitation facility, promoting of iron supplements during pregnancy, and health education through mass media for women in rural areas.

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Emerging neglected helminthiasis and determinants of multiple helminth infections in flood-prone township in Myanmar

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

The Maze Pathway of Coevolution: A Critical Review over the Leishmania and Its Endosymbiotic History

The Maze Pathway of Coevolution: A Critical Review over the Leishmania and Its Endosymbiotic History

Patient and health system factors associated with pretreatment loss to follow up among patients diagnosed with tuberculosis using Xpert® MTB/RIF testing in Uganda

Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associate Factors among Women of Reproductive Age in Lao PDR: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey

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