Emerging mechanisms and functions of inflammasome complexes in teleost fish

Abstract

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes, which are assembled in response to a diverse range of exogenous pathogens and endogenous danger signals, leading to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce pyroptotic cell death. Inflammasome components have been identified in teleost fish. Previous reviews have highlighted the conservation of inflammasome components in evolution, inflammasome function in zebrafish infectious and non-infectious models, and the mechanism that induce pyroptosis in fish. The activation of inflammasome involves the canonical and noncanonical pathways, which can play critical roles in the control of various inflammatory and metabolic diseases. The canonical inflammasomes activate caspase-1, and their signaling is initiated by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. However the noncanonical inflammasomes activate inflammatory caspase upon sensing of cytosolic lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of activation of canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in teleost fish, with a particular focus on inflammasome complexes in response to bacterial infection. Furthermore, the functions of inflammasome-associated effectors, specific regulatory mechanisms of teleost inflammasomes and functional roles of inflammasomes in innate immune responses are also reviewed. The knowledge of inflammasome activation and pathogen clearance in teleost fish will shed new light on new molecular targets for treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases.

A chromosome-level, haplotype-resolved genome assembly and annotation for the Eurasian minnow (Leuciscidae - Phoxinus phoxinus) provide evidence of haplotype diversity

“…In contrast, NLRC genes were found to be reduced in the P. phoxinus genome, particularly NLRP3 and NLRP12 , which are important inflammatory genes (Morimoto et al, 2021). NLRC genes are majorly involved in immune response to exogenous pathogens like bacterial and parasitic infections (Chang, 2023; Morimoto et al, 2021). NLRC genes are involved in immune response in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) in Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections (Q.…”

NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases and exercise intervention

“…Inflammasomes are crucial components of the immune system that play a major role in initiating inflammatory responses (Chang, 2023). They are composed of sensor proteins known as pattern recognition receptors that oligomerize and form a platform for the activation of caspase-1 in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (Chang, 2023).…”

“…Inflammasomes are crucial components of the immune system that play a major role in initiating inflammatory responses (Chang, 2023). They are composed of sensor proteins known as pattern recognition receptors that oligomerize and form a platform for the activation of caspase-1 in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (Chang, 2023). The nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor (NLR) family all share a central nucleotide-binding domain, and most members have a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a variable N-terminal domain (Swanson et al, 2019).…”