Emerging investigators series: building a theory for smart stormwater systems

Mullapudi, Abhiram; Wong, Brandon; Kerkez, Branko

doi:10.1039/c6ew00211k

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Detention pond with fixed outflow is a, "stationary solution to this highly dynamic rainfall-runoff problem" (Mullapudi et al, 2017). Consequently, this traditional detention/retention basin practices are static and poorly equipped to adapt to the continuously changing climate and land use (Mullapudi et al, 2017). As a result, adaptive stormwater management strategies are required for resilient and robust of urban stormwater infrastructure.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wong and Kerkez, (2018) reduced the engineered watershed storage volume up to 50% by actively controlling 4 detention ponds depending on their hydraulics. Mullapudi et al, (2017) showed three ponds and a treatment wetland can be controlled simultaneously to reduce downstream flood risk also getting 46.48% nitrate load reduction.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved reliability of stormwater detention basin performance through water quality data-informed real-time control

Sharior

McDonald

Parolari

2019

Journal of Hydrology

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The objective of stormwater detention basins is to capture stormwater runoff to reduce and delay peak flow and to improve the water quality. These objectives can be improved upon by actively controlling the outflow of the basins rather than traditional passive outflow structures. There are studies demonstrating the performance of the active controls that respond in real-time to basin hydraulics, detention time, and rainfall forecasts. We hypothesize that the performance of these active controls can be improved upon by incorporating real-time water quality data streams into the control algorithm. Furthermore, we hypothesize that performance of these active controls also depends on hydrologic variability, perturbing the highly dynamic rainfall-runoff process. Here, these hypotheses are tested using a numerical modeling framework evaluating the systemslevel reliability of passive and active control of stormwater basin outflow using a Monte Carlo method. The numerical modeling is performed in EPA-SWMM urban hydrologic model driven by stochastic rainfall time-series generated from the Modified Bartlett-Lewis Rectangular Pulses Model. Water quality-informed real-time active control algorithms are developed, tested, and demonstrated to result in a clear improvement over the traditional passive (no control) systems and other storage-based active controls for water and suspended sediment capture. Duration curve analysis showed that both water level-and water quality-informed control performance varied for different storm return periods and this variability could partly be attributed to the fraction of time the valve is closed. In addition, control performance was sensitive to rainfall variability, generally decreasing as storms become less frequent and more intense. Therefore, control system performance may depend on seasonal and longer timescale variability in climate and rainfall-runoff processes. We anticipate this study to be a starting point to incorporate theories of reliability to assess detention basin and conveyance network performance under more complex real-time control algorithms and failure modes.

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Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved reliability of stormwater detention basin performance through water quality data-informed real-time control

Sharior

McDonald

Parolari

2019

Journal of Hydrology

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“…For the regulation of the gates before and during floods, the management stakeholders must establish optimal real-time operations, because the long-term approach cannot be used, due to the short timeframe of the new course of the torrent. Some modeling techniques used in a real-time control can be adopted to adjust the operations when facing single precipitation events [44].…”

Section: Datementioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Floods in the Asso Torrent Basin (Apulia, Italy): An Investigation to Improve the Stormwater Management

Rose

Martano

Fidelibus

2020

Water

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Stormwater management is of concern to public institutions and academies. In the Asso Torrent endorheic basin (Salento peninsula, Southern Italy), a network of natural and artificial channels crossing urban and rural areas and flowing towards six swallow karst holes, several floods occurred in the last six years, after the end of extensive hydraulic works. In this paper, the results of an observational study on the meteorological and hydrological factors concurring to these floods are reported. It was inferred that soil saturation, cumulative precipitation anticipating the events, and clogging of the swallow holes are of relevance and must be considered in the definition of new criteria in decision-making procedure. The adoption of both innovative modeling techniques and real-time control should be an efficient solution to properly regulate the flow control devices before and during the precipitation events. With a view to providing solutions for a sustainable management of the water resources, easy-to-implement measures are suggested, such as the selection of flood-tolerant crops and construction of harvesting systems for alternative water uses.

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“…While these functions were previously achieved only through construction of static gray infrastructure or centralized treatment facilities, the addition of remotely-controlled valves and pumps promises to realize the same benefits while at the same time reducing costs, expanding coverage, and allowing system performance to scale flexibly with changing hydrologic conditions. Adding valves to existing stormwater facilities, for instance, can extend hydraulic retention time, thereby promoting the capture of sediment-bound pollutants [19], [20]. Modulation of flows (hydrograph shaping) may reduce erosion at downstream locations by ensuring that discharges do not exceed critical levels [19].…”

Section: A Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open storm: a complete framework for sensing and control of urban watersheds

Bartos

Wong

Kerkez

2018

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Abstract-Leveraging recent advances in technologies surrounding the Internet of Things, "smart" water systems are poised to transform water resources management by enabling ubiquitous real-time sensing and control. Recent applications have demonstrated the potential to improve flood forecasting, enhance rainwater harvesting, and prevent combined sewer overflows. However, adoption of smart water systems has been hindered by a limited number of proven case studies, along with a lack of guidance on how smart water systems should be built. To this end, we review existing solutions, and introduce open storman open-source, end-to-end platform for real-time monitoring and control of watersheds. Open storm includes (i) a robust hardware stack for distributed sensing and control in harsh environments (ii) a cloud services platform that enables system-level supervision and coordination of water assets, and (iii) a comprehensive, web-based "how-to" guide, available on open-storm.org, that empowers newcomers to develop and deploy their own smart water networks. We illustrate the capabilities of the open storm platform through two ongoing deployments: (i) a high-resolution flash-flood monitoring network that detects and communicates flood hazards at the level of individual roadways and (ii) a real-time stormwater control network that actively modulates discharges from stormwater facilities to improve water quality and reduce stream erosion. Through these case studies, we demonstrate the real-world potential for smart water systems to enable sustainable management of water resources.

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Emerging investigators series: building a theory for smart stormwater systems

Abstract: Smart stormwater systems will transform cities into coordinated and real-time controlled treatment plants.

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Improved reliability of stormwater detention basin performance through water quality data-informed real-time control

Improved reliability of stormwater detention basin performance through water quality data-informed real-time control

The Recent Floods in the Asso Torrent Basin (Apulia, Italy): An Investigation to Improve the Stormwater Management

Open storm: a complete framework for sensing and control of urban watersheds

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