Emerging insights into the structure-activity relationship of water-soluble polysaccharides in antiviral therapy

Sharma, Akanksha; Shahid, Ayesha; Banerjee, Riya; Kumar, K. Jayaram

doi:10.1016/j.ejmcr.2023.100122

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The phosphorylated groups carry less acidic properties, which is considered the main antiviral action mechanism for sulfated polysaccharides compared to sulfation, which might explain the similar yet slightly lesser effectiveness of PCOS compared to DS. However, PCOS might affect the viral-host interaction not only via charge but also structural characteristics [37].…”

Section: Anti-hiv Activity Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospho-Chitooligosaccharides below 1 kDa Inhibit HIV-1 Entry In Vitro

Karadeniz,

Kim

2024

CIMB

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Despite present antiviral agents that can effectively work against HIV-1 replication, side effects and drug resistance have pushed researchers toward novel approaches. In this context, there is a continued focus on discovering new and more effective antiviral compounds, particularly those that have a natural origin. Polysaccharides are known for their numerous bioactivities, including inhibiting HIV-1 infection and replication. In the present study, phosphorylated chitosan oligosaccharides (PCOSs) were evaluated for their anti-HIV-1 potential in vitro. Treatment with PCOSs effectively protected cells from HIV-1-induced lytic effects and suppressed the production of HIV-1 p24 protein. In addition, results show that PCOSs lost their protective effect upon post-infection treatment. According to the results of ELISA, PCOSs notably disrupted the binding of HIV-1 gp120 protein to T cell surface receptor CD4, which is required for HIV-1 entry. Overall, the results point out that PCOSs might prevent HIV-1 infection at the entry stage, possibly via blocking the viral entry through disruption of virus–cell fusion. Nevertheless, the current results only present the potential of PCOSs, and further studies to elucidate its action mechanism in detail are needed to employ phosphorylation of COSs as a method to develop novel antiviral agents.

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Section: Anti-hiv Activity Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospho-Chitooligosaccharides below 1 kDa Inhibit HIV-1 Entry In Vitro

Karadeniz,

Kim

2024

CIMB

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“…With their rich diversity and complex chemical compositions, natural products stand out as reservoirs of potentially groundbreaking therapeutic compounds. Among these, lectins and polysaccharides emerge as particularly intriguing candidates for their unique properties and biological activities [7,8]. Lectin and polysaccharide exploration in the context of antiviral strategies against SARS-CoV-2 is not merely a scientific curiosity; it is a response to the limitations and challenges posed by current therapeutic approaches [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Lefter,

Balyan,

Balmus

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has emerged as a global pandemic, with a high toll on casualties, economic impact, and human lifestyle. Despite the recent approval of various vaccines against the virus, challenges remain, including the limited availability of these vaccines, the prevalent rejection of vaccination by a large proportion of the population, and the recurrent appearance of new variants of the virus due to mutations. This context raises the alarm for scientists and clinicians to seek alternative and complementary therapies. In this context, natural products and their derivatives serve as reservoirs for potential therapeutic compounds that can be exploited in the research and production of antiviral drugs against COVID-19. Among these substances, lectin and polysaccharides isolated from fauna and flora emerge as complementary strategies for treating coronavirus infection. The review objective is to cover and analyze the specific role of polysaccharides and lectins and their synergy in the fight against this deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus. For this purpose, a primary literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Sciences using relevant keywords like “SARS-CoV-2 Variants”; “Antiviral Strategies”; “Antiviral Polysaccharides”; “Antiviral Lectins”; and “Synergistic effect”. The results demonstrate that lectins and polysaccharides exhibit antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 via mechanisms related to binding and steric blocking, the binding of glycan-based decoys, chemical reactions, virus particle disruption strategies, and steric blocking for competitive inhibition to block SARS-CoV-2 and its variants’ entry. In addition, this review analyzes the rationale behind combining polysaccharides and lectins, emphasizing complementary mechanisms of action. By simultaneously targeting multiple stages of the viral life cycle, this dual strategy aims to comprehensively inhibit viral propagation and enhance the durability of antiviral strategies over time.

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