Emerging Information Infrastructures: Cooperation in Disasters

Asplund, Mikael; Nadjm‐Tehrani, Simin; Sigholm, Johan

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03552-4_23

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Traditionally, such information reaches humanitarian organizations through a network of field stations, employees, and volunteers, as well as through common news outlets, such as radio and television [7,8]. However, the intelligence that is received through these channels often reaches the right people only with a delay of many hours or even several days, and cannot always fully capture the three key parameters: timing, location, and impacts of the event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Jongman

Wagemaker²,

Revilla-Romero

et al. 2015

IJGI

122

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Humanitarian organizations have a crucial role in response and relief efforts after floods. The effectiveness of disaster response is contingent on accurate and timely information regarding the location, timing and impacts of the event. Here we show how two near-real-time data sources, satellite observations of water coverage and flood-related social media activity from Twitter, can be used to support rapid disaster response, using case-studies in the Philippines and Pakistan. For these countries we analyze information from disaster response organizations, the Global Flood Detection System (GFDS) satellite flood signal, and flood-related Twitter activity analysis. The results demonstrate that these sources of near-real-time information can be used to gain a quicker understanding of the location, the timing, as well as the causes and impacts of floods. In terms of location, we produce daily impact maps based on both satellite information and social media, which can dynamically and rapidly outline the affected area during a disaster. In terms of timing, the results show that GFDS and/or Twitter signals flagging ongoing or upcoming flooding are regularly available one to several days before the event was reported to humanitarian organizations. 2247In terms of event understanding, we show that both GFDS and social media can be used to detect and understand unexpected or controversial flood events, for example due to the sudden opening of hydropower dams or the breaching of flood protection. The performance of the GFDS and Twitter data for early detection and location mapping is mixed, depending on specific hydrological circumstances (GFDS) and social media penetration (Twitter). Further research is needed to improve the interpretation of the GFDS signal in different situations, and to improve the pre-processing of social media data for operational use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Jongman

Wagemaker²,

Revilla-Romero

et al. 2015

IJGI

122

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“…Closing this section, according to [2], the technical challenges of such a framework during an emergency situation are described.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

i-Protect: An Open Source Emergency Management Framework

Nef

Filippopoulos

Voumvourakis

et al. 2011

2011 15th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics

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Emergency management is an essential capability in modern society. As disasters can happen at any time and can differ from each other considerably, it is necessary to develop a supple framework which can comply with each situation. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the i-Protect Emergency Management Framework and analyze in details each of its components. As a proof of concept, we also present two case studies: an urban chemical explosion and a wildland fire simulation engine.

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“…DTN principles can also be considered for disaster recovery networks. These networks can support communications in catastrophe hit areas lacking a functioning communication infrastructure [31].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Delay-Tolerant Networks to Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks

Pereira

Casaca

Rodrigues

et al. 2012

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

207

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Abstract-This paper provides an introductory overview of Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks. First, an introduction to Delay-Tolerant Networks and Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks is given. Delay-Tolerant schemes and protocols can help in situations where network connectivity is sparse or with large variations in density, or even when there is no end-to-end connectivity by providing a communications solution for non realtime applications. Some special issues like routing are addressed in the paper and an introductory description of applications and the most important projects is given. Finally, some research challenges are discussed and conclusions are detailed.

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Emerging Information Infrastructures: Cooperation in Disasters

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

i-Protect: An Open Source Emergency Management Framework

From Delay-Tolerant Networks to Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks

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