Emerging infectious diseases

Fernando, S.S.N.; Malavige, Gathsaurie Neelika; Karunaratne, Panduka; Palihawadana, Paba; Vitarana, T

doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v36i0.8051

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Dengue is endemic in most countries of the South East Asia region where the detection of all four serotypes has now rendered these countries hyperendemic [ 2 , 13 , 14 ]. Dengue viral infections have become endemic in Sri Lanka since the mid 1960s, and since then the infections have increased dramatically over the past three decades [ 4 , 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guillain–Barre syndrome following dengue fever and literature review

2015

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BackgroundDengue is an arboviral infection that classically presents with fever, joint pain, headaches, skin flush and morbilliform rashes. The incidence of neurological symptoms and complications in dengue varies from 1 to 25 % that include encephalopathy, Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS), acute motor weakness, seizures, neuritis, hypokalaemic paralysis, pyramidal tract signs, and a few more. Dengue fever as an antecedent infection in GBS is uncommon.Case presentationA 34-years-old Sri Lankan Sinhalese male presented with fever, headache and myalgia of 3 days and developed leucopenia and thrombocytopenia without evidence of haemoconcentration. The diagnosis of dengue fever was confirmed as he had positive dengue NS1 antigen test on the third day of fever. He made full recovery and was discharged after 4 days of hospital stay. Six days later, he presented with history of acute flaccid weakness of both lower limbs and upper limbs which was of progressive ascending nature. The electromyography had evidence of demyelinating neuropathy and cerebrospinal fluid showed albuminocytological dissociation. Subsequently, IgM for dengue virus was positive.ConclusionDengue is endemic in Sri Lanka. Post dengue Guillain–Barre syndrome is a potential neurological complications of this infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guillain–Barre syndrome following dengue fever and literature review

2015

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“…Kerala and Sri Lanka report a high prevalence of malaria, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, leptospirosis, chikungunya, acute respiratory infections, and TB (3, 31). In 2002 in Sri Lanka, dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) was the third most common notifiable disease, followed by malaria and TB (32). The incidence of DHF increased from 7.9 (per 100,000) in 1990 to 28.4 in 2006 and TB increased from 39.2 (per 100,000) to 48.4 (33).…”

Section: Health Challenges: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the case fatality rate of leptospirosis more than doubled from 7.4 percent in 2000 to 16.8 percent in 2007. The failure of the health system in dealing with the outbreaks was more apparent in Kerala in 2006, as an outbreak of chikungunya (more than 70,000 cases) necessitated deployment of an army medical wing to combat the situation, while Sri Lanka reported more than 37,000 cases similar to chikungunya during the same period (31,32).…”

Section: Health Challenges: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rising Private Sector and Falling ‘Good Health at Low Cost’: Health Challenges in China, Sri Lanka, and Indian State of Kerala

Thresia

2013

Int J Health Serv

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Despite having a captivating history of outstanding health achievements during the second half of the 20th century, China, Sri Lanka, and the Indian state of Kerala face several health challenges, particularly in the context of a shift in financing health care from a predominantly public-sector to a market-oriented provision. Over the 1990s, these "good health at low cost" (GHLC) regions faced widening health inequities and adverse health outcomes in relation to social, economic, and geographical marginalization, compared to another GHLC country, Costa Rica, and to Cuba, which have a similar history of health and economic profile. While the historical process of health development in China, Sri Lanka, and Kerala is closely entangled with the interrelated policies on health and allied social sectors with an abiding public-sector support, the retreat of the state and resultant increase in private-sector medical care and out-of-pocket spending resulted in widening inequities and medical impoverishment. Investigating the public health challenges and associated medical care-induced impoverishment, this article argues that the fundamental root causes of health challenges in these regions are often neglected in policy and in practice and that policymakers, planners, and researchers should make it a priority to address health inequities.

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“…1 A chikungunya epidemic was reported in the Western Province of Sri Lanka in 1965. 3 The Asian strain of CHIKV is believed to be the cause for the outbreaks that occurred prior to 2000, whereas the 2006 outbreak affecting many countries including Sri Lanka was caused by the African strain of the CHIKV. 2 CHIKV fever was not considered a public health problem in Sri Lanka until 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The present study area, Jaffna, was one of the badly affected districts during the 2006/2007 outbreak. 3 CHIKV infection is characterized by high fever, chills and rigours, and severe arthralgia, myalgia, rash, headache, nausea and vomiting. Detection of anti-CHIKV IgM using an immuno-assay like ELISA is the commonly used method for laboratory-based diagnosis of CHIKV infection in symptomatic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence for chikungunya and Zika virus infections in patients clinically diagnosed as dengue in Northern Sri Lanka

Briyangari

Kowsalavani

Murugananthan

et al. 2023

Sri Lankan J Infec Dis

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Background: Chikungunya (CHIKV), Zika (ZV) and dengue (DENV) viruses are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. CHIKV, ZV and DENV infections produce similar clinical features during the early phase of the illness. Disappearance of chikungunya for the last four decades and no reported evidence of Zika fever in Sri Lanka results in the diagnosis of any illnesses resembling dengue as DENV infection in the country.Objectives: This study aimed to test for serological evidence for CHIKV and ZV infections in samples collected from patients suspected of having dengue fever. Methods: Ninety-one sera were tested to determine past exposure to CHIKV and ZV through anti-CHIKV IgG and anti-ZV IgG positivity whilst recent infections were determined through anti-CHIKV IgM and ZV IgM positivity. Recent DENV & CHIKV and DENV & ZV co-infections were detected using anti-DENV IgM & anti-CHIKV IgM positivity and anti-DENV IgM & anti-ZV IgM positivity respectively.Results: Of the 91 patients, 12% and 21.9% had recent and past CHIKV infection respectively, and 1.1% and 19.9% had recent and past exposure to ZV respectively. The overall exposure rate of CHIKV was 34.1% and that of ZV was 20.9%. Of the 91 patients with the clinical diagnosis of dengue, 69.2% had evidence for DENV infection. Nearly 8.8% had DENV and CHIKV co-infection and none of the patients had DENV and ZV co-infection. Of the patients with DENV infection, 14.3% had past SLJID • www. http://sljol.info/index.php/SLJID • Vol. 13, No. 1, April 2023 exposure to CHIKV and 13.2% had past exposure to ZV. Approximately 63% of CHIKV and DENV co-infected patients had past exposure to DENV.Conclusions: Findings of this study show evidence for exposure to CHIKV and ZV in the dengue suspected patients. Most of the clinical features were similar in recent DENV, CHIKV and ZV infections which will contribute to miss CHIKV and ZV infections in dengue endemic resource limited countries where testing for CHIKV and ZV infections are not routinely done.

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Emerging infectious diseases

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Guillain–Barre syndrome following dengue fever and literature review

Guillain–Barre syndrome following dengue fever and literature review

Rising Private Sector and Falling ‘Good Health at Low Cost’: Health Challenges in China, Sri Lanka, and Indian State of Kerala

Serological evidence for chikungunya and Zika virus infections in patients clinically diagnosed as dengue in Northern Sri Lanka

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