Emerging Infectious Diseases of Rabbits

Gleeson, Molly; Petritz, Olivia A.

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2020.01.008

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…However, in 2010, a novel lagovirus called RHDV2 (also known as RHDVb, RHDV2/b, or GI.2) was detected in France and rapidly spread to other countries, displacing the classic RHDV variants that were circulating in those locations. [2][3][4] Classic RHDV affects animals ≥8 wk old and is restricted mostly to domestic and wild European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), although there have been isolated detections in Iberian hares (syn. Granada hare; Lepus granatensis).…”

Section: Outbreak Of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 In the Southwestern United States: First Detections In Southern Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), in addition to European rabbits. 3,4 Both viral variants are transmitted by direct contact with infected or dead animals, body fluids, and mechanical vectors, and certain wild rodents could act as reservoirs. 3 Death frequently occurs as a result of acute necrotizing hepatitis with disseminated intravascular coagulation.…”

Section: Outbreak Of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 In the Southwestern United States: First Detections In Southern Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 in the southwestern United States: first detections in southern California

et al. 2021

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An outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV-2)-associated disease occurred in the southwestern United States following its first detection in New Mexico in March 2020. The disease spread throughout several states and was diagnosed for the first time in California on May 11, 2020, in a black-tailed jackrabbit ( Lepus californicus). The following day, the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) issued an order banning the entrance into California of several lagomorph species and their products from any state in which the disease had been detected in the last 12 mo. RHDV-2 is a threat to wild lagomorph species in California, including the endangered riparian brush rabbit ( Sylvilagus bachmani riparius). Therefore, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) started tracking any mortality event in wild lagomorph populations. As of August 9, 2020, RHDV-2 had been detected in wild and domestic lagomorphs of several counties in southern California that were submitted to the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system by the CDFA or the CDFW. These positive cases included 2 additional black-tailed jackrabbits and 3 desert cottontail rabbits ( Sylvilagus audubonii). In addition, the infection spilled over to domestic populations, whereby it was confirmed on July 10, 2020, in a domestic rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus).

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Section: Outbreak Of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 In the Southwestern United States: First Detections In Southern Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outbreak Of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 In the Southwestern United States: First Detections In Southern Californiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 in the southwestern United States: first detections in southern California

et al. 2021

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“…This is the first report on the occurrence of RHD caused by RHDV-2 in Japan to the best of our knowledge without the published report. A presumptive diagnosis of RHD is often made based on clinical symptoms, the infection pattern within a population, and post-mortem lesion assessment [ 5 ]. RHD is suspected if sudden death occurs over a short period and liver injury is observed, even if hemorrhage, a characteristic of RHD, is not noticeable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available data suggest that RHDV-2 has recently emerged, and its origin is distinct from that of classic RHDV [ 6 ]. Clinical and epidemical characteristics of classic RHDV and RHDV-2 also differ [ 5 ]. Classic RHDV has an incubation period of 1–3 days and an acute course that results in death in 12–36 hr after fever.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabbit calicivirus is highly infectious, is highly resistant to breakdown in the environment, and is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected animals, carcasses, body fluids (urine, feces, respiratory secretions), and fur [ 5 ]. At the facility affected by the outbreak, since no new animals were introduced, indirect contact with the source of infection via humans or materials was suspected.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus type 2 epidemic in a rabbit colony in Japan

et al. 2021

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Twenty-three of 42 European rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ), belonging to the same rabbit colony, died in March 2020 (55% mortality) in Chiba prefecture, Japan. The disease course was extremely acute without indicators of death or hemorrhage. Necropsy revealed liver swelling, discoloration, cloudiness and fragility, and pulmonary edema. Histologically, severe hepatocellular necrosis (mainly peripheral) and intra-glomerular capillary hyalin thrombi were observed. On molecular-biological examination, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of RNA from tissues detected a rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, confirmed as a RHDV-2 VP60 fragment, which shared 99.42% nucleotide identity with the homologous fragment of RHDV-2 German isolate by nucleotide sequence analysis. This report shows the outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease caused by RHDV-2, an emerging infectious disease, in Japan.

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