Emerging evidence for emotion context insensitivity in depression

Rottenberg, Jonathan; Hindash, Alexandra Cowden

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.025

Cited by 87 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We interpret the reduced LPP to emotional picture content in MDD as reflecting emotional disengagement that is characteristic of the disorder (Proudfit, Bress, Foti, Kujawa, & Klein, 2015). This view is consistent with a larger body of work supporting the emotion context insensitivity theory of MDD (Rottenberg & Hindash, 2015). Specifically, across self‐report, expressive behavior, and peripheral psychophysiological measures, individuals with MDD are characterized by reduced reactions to both pleasant and unpleasant stimuli (Bylsma, Morris, & Rottenberg, 2008).…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Significance?... Significance! Empirical, methodological, and theoretical connections between the late positive potential and P300 as neural responses to stimulus significance: An integrative review

2020

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Event‐related potential studies of emotional processing have focused on the late positive potential (LPP), a sustained positive deflection in the ERP that is increased for emotionally arousing stimuli. A prominent theory suggests that modulation of the LPP is a response to stimulus significance, defined in terms of the activation of appetitive and aversive motivational systems. The current review incorporates experimental studies showing that manipulations that alter the significance of stimuli alter LPP amplitude. Complementing these within‐person studies, also included is individual differences research on depression wherein the LPP has been used to study reduced neural sensitivity to emotional stimuli. Finally, the current review builds an existing framework that the LPP observed in studies in emotional processing and the P300 observed in classic oddball studies may reflect a common response to stimulus significance. This integrative account has implications for the functional interpretation of these ERPs, their neurobiological mechanisms, and clinical applications.

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Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Significance?... Significance! Empirical, methodological, and theoretical connections between the late positive potential and P300 as neural responses to stimulus significance: An integrative review

2020

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“…This kind of affective inflexibility is related to psychopathology and generally lowered psychological well-being (Houben, Noortgate, & Kuppens, 2015;Trull, Lane, Koval, & Ebner-Priemer, 2015). Specifically, depression is often accompanied by context insensitivity to both positive and negative stimuli (Rottenberg & Hindash, 2015), the pattern we found in our S-carrying groups. Hence, the S-allele might be a genetic vulnerability factor that contributes to emotional inflexibility (van Roekel et al, 2018), which in turn prospectively predicts psychopathology (Kuppens et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Highs and Lows: Genetic Susceptibility to Daily Events

Sicorello¹,

Dieckmann²,

Moser³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Why people differ in their affective responses to external events is essential to ourunderstanding of personality, human development, and mental disorders. Genes explain asubstantial portion of these differences. Specifically, genes influencing the serotonin systemare hypothesized to be differential susceptibility factors, determining a person’s reactivity toboth positive and negative environments. We tested whether genetic variation in the serotonintransporter (5-HTTLPR, SLC6A4) is a differential susceptibility factor for daily events.Participants (N = 326) completed smartphone questionnaires four times a day over four to fivedays, measuring stressors, uplifts, positive and negative affect. Formal statistical criteria ofdifferential susceptibility were applied in a multilevel analysis framework. The 5-HTTLPRfulfilled all criteria of a differential susceptibility factor, marked by a disordinal geneenvironmentinteraction in the absence of both gene-environment correlation and direct geneticeffects on mood. Follow-up analyses revealed that positive affect in carriers of the short allele(S) was less contingent on both uplifts and stressors. Our study confirms the serotonin system’sgeneral role in susceptibility to immediate events and highlights the need to assess the wholespectrum of experiences.

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“…Led by these data, we have offered our account of ECI to explain why MDD might involve a generalized loss of context-appropriate emotional reactivity to both positive and negative elicitors (Rottenberg & Bylsma 2014, Rottenberg & Cowden Hindash 2015. ECI was grounded in the evolutionary functions of mood as regulating effort and energy expenditure (Nesse 2000).…”

Section: Emotional Reactivity In Depression: What We Knowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotions in Depression: What Do We Really Know?

Rottenberg

2017

Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol.

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Major depressive disorder is among the most common and costly of all mental health conditions, and in the last 20 years, emotional dysfunction has been increasingly seen as central to depression. Accordingly, research on emotions in depression has proceeded with fury. The urgency of the work has tempted investigators to issue premature declarations and to sometimes overlook theoretical and methodological challenges entailed in studying emotion. I report on what we have learned thus far about how depression influences emotional reactivity and emotion regulation, and also carefully demarcate the vast terrain of what we do not yet know. Ironically, an attitude of humility may enable the field to achieve the ambitious but elusive goal of developing a rich, contextually specific account of depression-related changes in emotional reactivity and regulation. Such an account is a precondition for using knowledge about emotion to intervene more effectively to reduce depression's worldwide burden.

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Emerging evidence for emotion context insensitivity in depression

Cited by 87 publications

References 49 publications

Significance?... Significance! Empirical, methodological, and theoretical connections between the late positive potential and P300 as neural responses to stimulus significance: An integrative review

Significance?... Significance! Empirical, methodological, and theoretical connections between the late positive potential and P300 as neural responses to stimulus significance: An integrative review

Highs and Lows: Genetic Susceptibility to Daily Events

Emotions in Depression: What Do We Really Know?

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