Emerging Electrochromic Materials and Devices for Future Displays

Gu, Chang; Jia, Ai-Bo; Zhang, Yu‐Mo; Zhang, Sean Xiao‐An

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01055

Cited by 294 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 435 publications

(606 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

179

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the response time of the DESW in the NIR and VIS light regions, respectively. Response times contain a coloration time (τ c ) and a bleaching time (τ b ), which usually refers to the time required for a 90% change of optical modulation under different mode state switching. ,, As shown in Figure c,d, the response time of DESW measured at 1600 nm when switching between “bright” mode to “cool” mode is 11.4/3.6 s for coloration/bleaching, respectively. In addition, the response time of DESW from “bright” mode to “dark” mode at 550 nm is 52.6/9.5 s, respectively, for coloration/bleaching …”

Section: Performance Indexes Of Deswmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Band Electrochromic Smart Window Based on Single-Component Nanocrystals

Liang

Cao

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Building energy consumption has become one of the main sources of social primary energy consumption and global carbon emissions, and the development of building energy-saving technology has become one of the focus issues. Dual-band electrochromic smart windows (DESWs) can independently control the visible (VIS) light and near-infrared (NIR) thermal radiation in the sunlight, so that the indoor lighting and temperature can reach the level of human comfort, which is expected to reduce the energy consumption of buildings in heating, cooling, and artificial lighting systems. In recent years, DESWs based on singlecomponent nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention because of their facile construction method and excellent dual-band electrochromic performance. On the basis of the working mechanism of the DESWs, the spotlight article will first briefly introduce the basic principle and performance evaluation index of DESWs. Then the latest advances in DESWs based on typical single-component NCs are summarized. In addition, the challenges faced by DESWs based on single-component NCs and the potential development direction are also discussed.

show abstract

Section: Performance Indexes Of Deswmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Band Electrochromic Smart Window Based on Single-Component Nanocrystals

Liang

Cao

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The combination of solid electrochromic materials and structural colors has been the subject of intense research in recent years with many potential applications. − The main motivation is to develop energy-saving displays that reflect ambient light instead of relying on emissive pixels (as in ordinary liquid crystal displays or light-emitting diode displays). Although combinations of electrochromic materials can provide a full color range, the integration with structural coloration in ultrathin layers is viewed as a possibility for more vibrant colors and higher contrast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Electrodeposited and Sputtered Tungsten Trioxide Films for Inorganic Electrochromic Nanostructures

Gugole

Olsson

Gupta

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrochromic materials and their implementation with structural colors are currently being intensely researched because of their promising applications as non-emissive display devices utilizing ambient light. In particular, several fully inorganic devices that rely on electrochromic tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) have been presented. For preparing nanoscale films of this material, sputtering is the most established technique, but electrodeposition has recently been shown to be capable of achieving exceptionally high electro-optical modulation contrast without the need for expensive equipment. In this work, we investigate the possibilities of electrodeposited WO 3 and present a systematic comparison with sputtered WO 3 with respect to performance in electrochromic devices. Importantly, we show that "ultralarge" electro-optical modulation (∼95% change in transmission) is possible for both types of films. However, it is only the sputtered films that enable such high contrast in a stable electrolyte such as LiClO 4 in propylene carbonate. The electrodeposited films are less uniform and difficult to make thicker than ∼500 nm. We find no evidence that the electrochromic properties of the electrodeposited WO 3 are intrinsically better than those of sputtered WO 3 . However, the electrodeposited films are much rougher and/or porous on the nanoscale, which increases the switching speed considerably. We conclude that electrodeposited WO 3 is mainly useful in applications in which high contrast is not essential while switching speed is. As an example, we present the first electrodeposited WO 3 integrated with structural colors by sandwiching the material between two metal films. By electrical control, the reflective colors can then be tuned at least one order of magnitude faster (a few seconds) than previously reported while having fair color quality and without any loss of brightness.

show abstract

“…This classical five-layer-stacked device, although working as desired, is costly due to the complicated structure and high manufacturing difficulty [ 18 , 19 ]. Incorporating transparent electroactive ion-storage materials into electrolytes is an effective approach to simplify the device structure [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Driving-Voltage Hybrid-Electrolyte Electrochromic Window with Only Ferreous Redox Couples

Song

Huang

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Even after decades of development, the widespread application of electrochromic windows (ECW) is still seriously restricted by their high price and inadequate performance associated with structural/fabrication complexity and electrochemical instability. Herein, a simple hybrid electrochromic system based on PFSA (perfluorosulfonic acid)-coated Prussian blue (PB, Fe4III [FeII(CN)6]3) film and Ferricyanide–Ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3−)-containing hybrid electrolyte is reported. The PB film and the [Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3− couple show near redox potentials well inside the electrochemical window of water, resulting in a low driven voltage (0.4 V for coloring and −0.6 V for bleaching) and a relatively long lifespan (300 cycles with 76.9% transmittance contrast retained). The PFSA layer, as a cation-exchange structure, significantly improves the transmittance modulation amplitude (ΔT: 23.3% vs. 71.9% at a wavelength of 633 nm) and optical memory abilities (ΔT retention: 10.1% vs. 67.0% after 300 s open-circuit rest increases) of the device, by means of preventing the direct contact and charge transfer between the PB film and the [Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3− couple. This “hybrid electrolyte + electron barrier layer” design provides an effective way for the construction of simple structured electrochromic devices.

show abstract

Emerging Electrochromic Materials and Devices for Future Displays

Cited by 294 publications

References 435 publications

Dual-Band Electrochromic Smart Window Based on Single-Component Nanocrystals

Dual-Band Electrochromic Smart Window Based on Single-Component Nanocrystals

Comparison of Electrodeposited and Sputtered Tungsten Trioxide Films for Inorganic Electrochromic Nanostructures

A Low Driving-Voltage Hybrid-Electrolyte Electrochromic Window with Only Ferreous Redox Couples

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About