Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater: Sources of Contamination, Toxicity, and Removal Approaches

Chaturvedi, Mudita; Mishra, Ambuj; Sharma, Krati; Sharma, Geetansh; Saxena, Gaurav; Singh, Amit Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-2015-7_5

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The presence of organic contaminants in wastewater poses a significant threat to human health and the environment. These contaminants, originating from various sources such as domestic sewage, industrial effluents, and agricultural runoff, can cause a range of harmful effects, including eutrophication, waterborne diseases, and chemical toxicity [Chaturvedi et al 2021]. To address these concerns, various methods have been developed to remove organic contaminants from wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Organic Contaminants Removal Using Rotating Biological Contactors – A Kinetic and Equilibrium Study

Edris,

Alhamed,

Alzahrani

et al. 2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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This paper presents a study on optimizing organic contaminants removal using rotating biological contactors (RBCs) through a kinetic and equilibrium analysis. Response surface methodology was employed to explore non-linear relationships and identify optimal operating conditions for maximizing dodecane removal efficiency. Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria was chosen for the research due to its capacity to breakdown a wide range of hydrocarbons. The experimental data were analyzed using Design Expert software, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to assess the statistical significance of each variable and their interactions. The effects of beginning biomass content, initial dodecane concentration, and disc rotating speed were considered. The research provided insights into the relative importance of different factors and their combined effects on dodecane removal efficiency. The findings contribute to the understanding of microbial processes and the optimization of rotating biological contactor systems for efficient organic contaminant removal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Organic Contaminants Removal Using Rotating Biological Contactors – A Kinetic and Equilibrium Study

Edris,

Alhamed,

Alzahrani

et al. 2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…Dyes are one of the most dangerous organic pollutants in industrial effluents, especially textile effluents, which have high toxicity and indestructible structure that cause cancer and genetic mutations, dermatitis, allergies, skin irritation in humans. Dyes may disrupt the process of photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems because they prevent light from penetrating into the water 10 , 11 . The discharged effluent of the textile industry is about 100 tons of colored effluent per year, which leads to water pollution 12 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel ZnS-CdS nanocomposite as a visible active photocatalyst for degradation of synthetic and real wastewaters

Khodamorady

Bahrami

2023

Sci Rep

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In this study, new magnetic nanocomposites with shell core structure with different molar ratios of ZnS-CdS were synthesized and their photocatalytic activity in dye removal from synthetic and real effluents in the presence of mercury high pressure lamp as a visible light source was investigated. Optimal photocatalyst with molar ratio of ZnS-CdS 0.25:0.75 showed the best performance in dye removal. Based on the particle distribution histogram of Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS-CdS (ZnS/CdS: 0.25:0.75), particles with 60–100 nm have the highest abundance. According to the DRS results, hybridization of zinc sulfide with cadmium sulfide reduced the gap and as a result, light absorption was successfully extended to the visible area. The PL results confirm that the optimal photocatalyst (Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS-CdS) has the lowest electron–hole recombination compared to Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS and Fe3O4@BNPs@CdS. It should be noted that according to the DLS results, the charge on the optical photocomposite surface is negative at all acidic, alkaline and neutral pHs. One of the significant advantages in this study is the use of high-pressure mercury lamps as a light source, so that these lamps are very economical in terms of economy and also have a long life and excellent efficiency. The optimal photocatalyst not only showed excellent photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue (96.6%) and methyl orange (70.9%) but also for the dye removal of textile effluents (Benton 98.5% and dark olive 100%). Introduced magnetic heterostructures are suitable options for dye removal from textile and spinning wastewaters.

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“…This increase in chlorine dose leads to an increased concentration of chlorinated organic compounds known as carcinogens (Sharma et al, 2021). The current water treatment processes are ineffective in removing pesticide residues and organic pollutants (Chaturvedi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, they are insufficient to remove parasites, viruses, and other non-parasitic microorganisms. As a result, residual chemical and biological contaminants may remain in drinking water (Abdel-Shafy and Aly, 2002;Chaturvedi et al, 2021). Raw water with high levels of biological and chemical contaminants imposes a heavy burden on the efficiency of sand filters that block and develop microbial colonies, such as larvae of nematodes that may not be completely removed (Abdel-Shafy and Aly, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical assessment of riverbank filtration using gravel back filter to improve water quality in arid regions

et al. 2022

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The main challenge of water resource management in high-stress regions, especially in developing countries, is in adopting non-traditional methods to obtain safe drinking water in desired quantities. In Egypt, the riverbank filtration (RBF) system is one of the most common solutions to solve rivers’ water quality issues. Several sites have been investigated, and the system has demonstrated tremendous potential. The drinking water plant in Embaba, Giza, Egypt, is considered in this study to improve the quality of the abstracted water through the vertical well system. The numerical code of MODFLOW and MT3D is used to simulate the impact of using the emplacement of the gravel-pack filter (GPF). Three different scenarios were investigated: the first consists of vertical GPF; the second is horizontal GPF for different geometries, depths, widths or thicknesses, lengths, and permeability of the filter material; and, the third is drilling a pipe filter through the riverbed for different pipe numbers, depths, and the material’s hydraulic conductivity. The results revealed that the riverbank filtration sharing (RBFS) rate was increased by increasing the filter width or thickness at the riverside, the filter pipe numbers, the length of the horizontal filter, and the permeability of filter material. At the same time, the thickness of the river bed decreased by increasing the filter width at the groundwater side. Also, the RBFS was increased by increasing the filter width or the thickness in the two directions and the pipe length. However, it returned to decrease again due to groundwater sharing. Thus, the RBF design should carefully consider the gravel-pack, pipe filter geometry, and permeability impact rate of RBFS.

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Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater: Sources of Contamination, Toxicity, and Removal Approaches

Cited by 11 publications

References 104 publications

Optimizing Organic Contaminants Removal Using Rotating Biological Contactors – A Kinetic and Equilibrium Study

Optimizing Organic Contaminants Removal Using Rotating Biological Contactors – A Kinetic and Equilibrium Study

A novel ZnS-CdS nanocomposite as a visible active photocatalyst for degradation of synthetic and real wastewaters

Numerical assessment of riverbank filtration using gravel back filter to improve water quality in arid regions

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