Emerging Concern from Short-Term Textile Leaching: A Preliminary Ecotoxicological Survey

Abstract

Textile dyes and their residues gained growing attention worldwide. Textile industry is a strong water consumer potentially releasing xenobiotics from washing and rinsing procedures during finishing processes. On a decentralised basis, also final consumers generate textile waste streams. Thus, a procedure simulating home washing with tap water screened cotton textiles leachates (n = 28) considering physico-chemical (COD, BOD, and UV absorbance) and ecotoxicological data (Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Lepidium sativum). Results evidenced that: (i) leachates presented low biodegradability levels; (ii) toxicity in more than half leachates presented slight acute or acute effects; (iii) the remaining leachates presented "no effect" suggesting the use of green dyes/additives, and/or well established finishing processes; (iv) no specific correlations were found between traditional physico-chemical and ecotoxicological data. Further investigations will be necessary to identify textile residues, and their potential interactions with simulated human sweat in order to evidence potential adverse effects on human health.

Fabrication, functionalization and performance of doped photocatalysts for dye degradation and mineralization: a review

“…The contamination and pollution of water bodies and soils caused by dyes have been continually emphasized and so have been the related environmental impacts (Lofrano et al 2016). Such pressing socio-economic and environmental issues related to dye-induced water and soil milieus' pollution have bolstered research towards probing for more and more remediation routes.…”

Continuous Flow Photooxidative Degradation of Azo Dyes with Biomass‐Derived Carbon Dots

“…The electrons in the conduction band (e À CB ) and the holes in the valence band (h + VB ) can undergo recombination releasing heat [Eq. (2)] or can react with water or oxygen dissolved in the aqueous medium. In particular, the holes in the valence band can react with water to produce hydroxyl radicals [Eq.…”

“…[1] Concerning the type, volume and complexity, the textile sector occupies a major role in the dyes market. [2] About 10,000 different dyes are used in the textile industry, [3] with 60-70% constituted by azo dyes [4], [5] that can be toxic and nonbiodegradable. The release of these dyes into water bodies has been posing severe threats to humans and aquatic organisms due to their carcinogenic effects on liver, kidney and on the cardiovascular system.…”

Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Wastewater Streams Using Membrane Bioreactors: A Review

“…Another potential industrial source of ECs is the textile industry. Chemically toxic dyes, their degradation products, and other related hazardous materials are expected in such industrial waste [47]. The food and beverage industries are some of the potential sources of artificial sweeteners, food color, and some of the nanoparticles from industrial waste, which are potential ECs resulting from urbanization [47].…”