Emerging compounds: A concern for water and wastewater utilities

Fono, Lorien J.; McDonald, Hazel

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.2008.tb09770.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the adaption uses the term "activated sludge" holistically to represent removals cited by Synder et al specifically as "biodegration", "photodegradation (solar)", and "activated sludge". (Fono and McDonald, 2008;Synder et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Although most wastewater treatment plants are not designed for trace constituent removal, the majority of these compounds are removed at least partially during conventional wastewater treatment (Fono and McDonald, 2008). However, Filali-Meknassi et al (2004) state that conventional wastewater treatment are not effective barriers to trace contaminants and published removal rates vary due to local conditions and the nature of the respective contaminant.…”

Section: Investigation Of Conventional Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent article in the Journal AWWA states "master planning studies for both water and wastewater treatment facilities would be advisable to address the possibility of new regulations when making long-term (10-to 20-year) plans" in regards to compounds of emerging concerns (Fono and McDonald, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microconstituents – What is a Typical Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Designer to Do?

Tabor¹

2009

proc water environ fed

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Microconstituents, emerging containments, endocrine disrupting chemicals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), and other natural and manmade substances pose a new challenge to traditional municipal wastewater treatment plant designers. These various contaminants and compounds are receiving increasing attention as trace concentrations are being detected in waters worldwide. As federal and state agencies begin to consider regulatory options, municipal wastewater treatment facilities and facility designers need to develop options as typical facilities are designed for 20-30 year build-out conditions.According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published documents, "Sewage systems are not equipped for PPCP removal. Currently, there are no municipal sewage treatment plants that are engineered specifically for PPCP removal or for other unregulated contaminants. Effective removal of PPCPs from treatment plants varies based on the type of chemical and on the individual sewage treatment facilities. The risks are uncertain and the numbers of PPCPs are growing."Ongoing research suggests that existing facilities are capable of treating some microconstituents, forcing treatment plant designers looking to upgrade or expand a facility to evaluate what mechanism or technology is most effective to treat these compounds. Cost implications and reliability of treatment are inherent to this discussion. With unknown risks and the number of detected microconstituents growing, a pragmatic design approach is required.With this perspective in mind, a preliminary literature investigation was conducted with the objective of determining what is being removed in current treatment processes, the percent removal, and the technology performing the removal. The goal was to develop an approach to estimating the extent of PPCP removal to be expected based on treatment technology applied. The investigation focused on data and information available through industry organizations and research foundations. The data and information from the various sources were consolidated into a table that focused on 32 compounds and attempted to determine the mechanism/technology within the treatment train responsible for removal. The review of the data and information produced some interesting results. It was noted that there is limited work on conventional technologies. Furthermore, because a large percentage of the work to date has focused on removals across the entire treatment train, there is limited information on the performance of individual technologies. . Based on information available, the table was broken into the following technology focus areas:• Primary clarification • Activated sludge at a solids retention time (SRT) less than five days • Activated sludge at a SRT greater than five days • Membrane bioreactor

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Investigation Of Conventional Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microconstituents – What is a Typical Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Designer to Do?

Tabor¹

2009

proc water environ fed

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“…O lançamento in natura de esgotos domésticos em corpos d'água está associado a diversos efeitos deletérios no ambiente, tal como eutrofização, diminuição na concentração de oxigênio dissolvido (OD) e liberação de substâncias tóxicas no meio aquático (von SPERLING, 2005a;MATOS, 2010). Em países desenvolvidos, devido à capacidade de remoção de boa parte de poluentes em seus sistemas de tratamento, tem-se intensificado estudos relacionados às implicações da presença de disruptores endócrinos (hormônios e pesticidas) no ambiente aquático, e as possíveis formas de remoção (FONO;McDONALD, 2008;SANCHES et al, 2012). No Brasil e em outros países em desenvolvimento, o foco das agências ambientais permanece sob os micro-organismos patogênicos, tendo em vista a grande exposição da população sem acesso à água tratada e ao tratamento de esgoto, e a enfermidades associadas à falta de saneamento básico.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

DECAIMENTO DE BACTÉRIAS DO GRUPO COLIFORMES EM SOLOS COM COBERTURA VEGETAL E NU - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984.v22n06a08

Pereira¹,

Matos²,

Matos³

et al. 2014

Reveng

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A fertirrigação é uma das alternativas para a disposição/tratamento de águas residuárias e traz, como grande vantagem, a possibilidade de aproveitamento agrícola dos nutrientes nelas contidos. Entretanto, é importante considerar o risco sanitário dessa prática, notadamente quando é utilizado esgoto doméstico submetido a tratamento inferior ao de nível terciário. Fatores como temperatura, incidência de raios UV, predação e competição podem proporcionar grande decaimento no número de micro-organismos exógenos no solo. Com a realização deste trabalho objetivou-se monitorar a sobrevivência e obter a taxa de decaimento de organismos indicadores, coliformes totais (CT) e coliformes termotolerantes (CF – E. coli), após 32 dias da aplicação de esgoto sanitário bruto em solo com cobertura vegetal e nu. A cobertura vegetal propiciou maior dispersão das bactérias no solo, proporcionando menor contagem na camada de 0-20 mm. Verificaram-se menores coeficientes de decaimento de bactérias do grupo coliformes totais que E. coli. No trigésimo segundo dia após a aplicação do esgoto sanitário, a contagem de E coli passou a ser insignificante tanto nas áreas em que havia cobertura vegetal como em solo nu, estimando-se que se tornem desprezíveis após 6,6 e 13,0 dias respectivamente, após sua aplicação ao solo. A fertirrigação mostrou ser uma técnica adequada para tratamento/disposição final de esgotos sanitários no que se refere à inativação de organismos patogênicos.

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“…Grundwasser und Leitungswasser sind mit Spuren von Arzneimittelrückständen belastet — das haben Studien in den USA und Europa gezeigt. Auch Perchlorate, Pestizide, Herbizide und bromierte Brandschutzmittel sind dort nachweisbar 1. Eine Untersuchung der U.S. Geological Survey fand durchschnittlich zwanzig verschiedene Arzneimittel in Abwasserproben: von Koffein über Ibuprofen bis hin zu Krebsmedikamenten 2.…”

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