Emerging Challenges for Psychedelic Therapy

Aday, Jacob S.; Carhart‐Harris, Robin; Woolley, Joshua

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0549

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Although psychedelic-based treatments have shown increasing promise for the treatment of SUDs and other psychiatric conditions, the path toward implementation of these treatments into mainstream care will not be straightforward ( 57 , 58 ). The results presented here provide evidence that psychedelic use may contribute to the alteration of substance use patterns, and therefore may be a potentially effective tool for addressing the large unmet need for treating SUDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychedelic substitution: altered substance use patterns following psychedelic use in a global survey

Glynos,

Aday,

Kruger

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionRecent research suggests that psychedelics may have potential for the treatment of various substance use disorders. However, most studies to date have been limited by small sample sizes and neglecting to include non-North American and European populations.MethodsWe conducted a global, cross-sectional online survey of adults (n = 5,268, 47.2% women) self-reporting past or current psychedelic use and investigated whether psychedelic use was associated with changes in use of other substances.ResultsNearly three-quarters (70.9%; n = 3,737/5,268) reported ceasing or decreasing use of one or more non-psychedelic substances after naturalistic psychedelic use. Among those with previous use, 60.6% (n = 2,634/4,344) decreased alcohol use, 55.7% (n = 1,223/2,197) decreased antidepressant use, and 54.2% (n = 767/1,415) decreased use of cocaine/crack. Over a quarter of the sample indicated that their decrease in substance use persisted for 26 weeks or more following use of a psychedelic. Factors associated with decreased use included a motivation to either decrease one’s substance use or self-treat a medical condition. Importantly, 19.8% of respondents also reported increased or initiated use of one or more other substances after psychedelic use, with illicit opioids (14.7%; n = 86/584) and cannabis (13.3%; n = 540/4,064) having the highest proportions. Factors associated with increased substance use included having a higher income and residing in Canada or the US.DiscussionAlthough limited by cross-sectional study design, this large observational study will help inform future studies aiming to investigate the relationship between substance use patterns and psychedelic use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychedelic substitution: altered substance use patterns following psychedelic use in a global survey

Glynos,

Aday,

Kruger

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The acute hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics have limited their widespread clinical use, necessitating specialized medical supervision in controlled clinical settings for extended sessions [182][183][184].…”

Section: What Do 5-ht2a and Trkb Pathways Reveal About The Role Of Su...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the hallucinogenic effects, individuals with a family history of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia have been excluded from participating in clinical trials involving psychedelics for depression, despite the potential therapeutic benefits that could be valuable for these populations. [183,184,191].…”

Section: What Do 5-ht2a and Trkb Pathways Reveal About The Role Of Su...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Current Status of the Cellular Neurobiology of Psychedelics

Banushi,

Polito

2023

Biology

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Psychedelic substances have gained significant attention in recent years for their potential therapeutic effects on various psychiatric disorders. This review delves into the intricate cellular neurobiology of psychedelics, emphasizing their potential therapeutic applications in addressing the global burden of mental illness. It focuses on contemporary research into the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms underlying these substances, particularly the role of 5-HT2A receptor signaling and the promotion of plasticity through the TrkB-BDNF pathway. The review also discusses how psychedelics affect various receptors and pathways and explores their potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Overall, this research represents a significant development in biomedical sciences with the potential to transform mental health treatments.

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“…We suggest that future motivation-involving accounts of motivated activity, especially from an enactive perspective, should avoid explaining the role of motivations in entirely nonmotivational terms. Instead, we recommend endorsing a multilevel, pluralistic approach to causation and explanation, such as those being recently discussed in theoretical assessments of psychiatry and psychedelic medicine (Aday et al, 2023;Carhart-Harris, 2018;Gauld et al, 2022;Girn et al, 2023;van Elk & Yaden, 2022;Yaden & Griffiths, 2020). Concerning the explanatory and causal role of the phenomenological dimension in psychedelic medicine, for instance, it has been recently declared that "the case for subjective effects playing a major role in enduring beneficial effects is compelling… underlying neurobiological-based mechanisms are undoubtedly necessary but likely not sufficient to confer full beneficial effects" (Yaden and Griffiths 2020, p. 570).…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendations For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

On motivating irruptions: the need for a multilevel approach at the interface between life and mind

Cea

2023

Adaptive Behavior

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In a recent remarkable article, Froese (2023) presents his Irruption Theory to explain how motivations can make a behavioral difference in motivated activity. In this opinion article, we review the main tenets of Froese’s theory, and highlight its difficulty in overcoming the randomness challenge it supposedly solves, that is, the issue of how adaptive behavior can arise in the face of material underdetermination. To advance our understanding of motivated behavior in line with Froese’s approach, we recommend that future work should endorse a multilevel pluralistic approach to causation and explanation in which motivations could genuinely play an irreducible role. Additionally, in line with the life-mind continuity thesis, we suggest that the best place to look for the interplay between motivations and nonmotivational physical, biological, and dynamical factors, may be at the level of the continuous feeling of being an embodied, living organism.

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Emerging Challenges for Psychedelic Therapy

Abstract: This Viewpoint examines the benefits and challenges of psychedelic therapy using 4 fundamental questions.

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Psychedelic substitution: altered substance use patterns following psychedelic use in a global survey

Psychedelic substitution: altered substance use patterns following psychedelic use in a global survey

A Comprehensive Review of the Current Status of the Cellular Neurobiology of Psychedelics

On motivating irruptions: the need for a multilevel approach at the interface between life and mind

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