Emerging aspects of cytokine storm in COVID-19: The role of proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic prospects

Dharra, Renu; Sharma, Anil Kumar; Datta, Sonal

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156287

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 240 publications

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“…Increasing proinflammatory cytokines is an obvious characteristic for COVID-19 patients. 19,20 Many anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed vivo experimental results are not ideal or even have no [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] We notice that COVID-19 patients participating in drug trials are selected randomly and whether expression levels of genes that drugs target have changed related to baseline levels is not considered. If they do not change, curative effect may be terrible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying COVID‐19 subtypes by single‐sample gene set enrichemnt analysis and providing guidance for sensitive drug selection

Xiong,

Sun

2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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This study aimed at using single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis scores to cluster naso/pharyngeal swab specimen samples from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients into two clusters. One cluster with higher fractions of immune cells and more active inflammatory‐related pathways was called the Immunity‐High (Immunity‐H) group, and the other one was called the Immunity‐Low group. We explored impacts of the method on COVID‐19 treatment. First, given that the Immunity‐H group was mainly enriched in inflammatory‐related pathways and had higher fractions of inflammatory cells, the Immunity‐H group may obtain more curative effects from anti‐inflammatory treatment. Second, we searched some hot genes from the PubMed platform that had been studied by researchers and found these genes upregulated in the Immunity‐H group, so we speculated the Immunity‐H group and Immunity‐Low group may have different curative effects from drugs targeting these genes. Finally, we screened out hub genes for the Immunity‐H group and predicted potential drugs for these hub genes by a public data set (http://dgidb.genome.wustl.edu). These hub genes are significantly upregulated in the Immunity‐H group and neutrophils so that the Immunity‐H group may obtain different treatment results from potential drugs compared with the Immunity‐Low group. Therefore, the cluster method may provide help in drug development and administration for COVID‐19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Immunity‐H group has higher fraction of immune cells and is enriched in inflammatory‐related pathways. Increasing pro‐inflammatory cytokines is an obvious characteristic for COVID‐19 patients 19,20 . Many anti‐inflammatory drugs have been developed and have been developing for COVID‐19 treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying COVID‐19 subtypes by single‐sample gene set enrichemnt analysis and providing guidance for sensitive drug selection

Xiong,

Sun

2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Наибольшая летальность, согласно опубликованным данным, характерна для пациентов с гиперактивацией воспалительного ответа -развитием синдрома высвобождения цитокинов, т. н. «цитокинового шторма» (ЦШ) [5,6]. Термин ЦШ используется для определения взрывного неконтролируемого иммунного ответа, вызванного инфекцией SARS-CoV-2, приводящего к тяжёлым симптомам [5][6][7].…”

Section: введение / Introductionunclassified

“…«цитокинового шторма» (ЦШ) [5,6]. Термин ЦШ используется для определения взрывного неконтролируемого иммунного ответа, вызванного инфекцией SARS-CoV-2, приводящего к тяжёлым симптомам [5][6][7]. ЦШ может вносить значимый вклад в развитие тяжёлого системного воспаления, острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома (ОРДС), полиорганной недостаточности, что в совокупности повышает риск развития летального исхода [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: введение / Introductionunclassified

Efficacy of interleukin-6 inhibitors as a tool for preventive anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19

Zyryanov,

Butranova,

Abramova

2024

GCP

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The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is characterized by damage, along with the lungs, to many other vital organs and systems. The prevalence and severity of the resulting lesions are determined by the ability of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to cause excessive activation of the immune response, accompanied by changes in both cellular and humoral components. Among humoral disorders, the most significant is the hypersecretion of cytokines, including interleukins (IL), in particular IL-6 and IL1β. Elevated levels of IL-6 are one of the main predictors of severe COVID-19 and death. So, blocking the effects of this cytokine is of fundamental importance for improving the clinical outcomes of patients. Monoclonal antibodies against human interleukin-6 receptor or against IL-6 have been widely studied in patients with extremely severe COVID-19, and to a lesser extent in mild and moderate severity. Regardless of the severity, maximum effectiveness is achieved when these drugs are administered as early as possible, which made it possible to create such a tool as preventive anti-inflammatory therapy. Preventive prescription of IL-6 inhibitors may be useful not only for hospitalized inpatients, but also for outpatients. This review is aimed to assess the effectiveness of early use of IL-6 inhibitors both in hospitalized and ambulatory patients with varying degrees of severity of COVID-19.

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that a common mechanism accounting for the multiplicity of symptoms during SARS-CoV-2 infection is represented by a dysregulated immunoinflammatory response, similar to what has been observed in other coronaviruses, such as SARS and MERS. Current research is investigating how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2 and how to optimize this response to clear the virus [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role of CD74 and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase in COVID-19: Insights from Transcriptomic and Serum Analyses

Ralchev Ralchev,

Lyubenova Bradyanova,

Valerieva Doneva

et al. 2023

JCM

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The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to public health worldwide. While some patients experience only mild symptoms or no symptoms at all, others develop severe illness, which can lead to death. The host immune response is believed to play a crucial role in determining disease severity. In this study, we investigated the involvement of CD74 and D-DT in COVID-19 patients with different disease severities, by employing an in silico analysis of a publicly available transcriptomic dataset and by measuring their serum levels by ELISA. Our results showed a significant increase in MIF levels in PBMCs from COVID-19 patients, as well as a significant increase in the D-DT levels in PBMCs. However, we observed no modulation in the serum levels of D-DT. We also observed a concordant reduction in the serum levels and PBMCs expression levels of CD74. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between CD74 serum levels and IL-13. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the involvement of CD74 and D-DT in COVID-19, with potential implications for disease severity and treatment. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying these observations and to explore the potential therapeutic value of targeting CD74 and IL-13 in COVID-19.

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Emerging aspects of cytokine storm in COVID-19: The role of proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic prospects

Cited by 30 publications

References 240 publications

Identifying COVID‐19 subtypes by single‐sample gene set enrichemnt analysis and providing guidance for sensitive drug selection

Identifying COVID‐19 subtypes by single‐sample gene set enrichemnt analysis and providing guidance for sensitive drug selection

Efficacy of interleukin-6 inhibitors as a tool for preventive anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19

Exploring the Role of CD74 and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase in COVID-19: Insights from Transcriptomic and Serum Analyses

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