Emerging approaches to male contraception

Thirumalai, Arthi; Amory, John K.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.047

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Therefore, exogenous supplementation with a sufficient amount of endogenous hormones or inhibition of their degradation rate should effectively regulate spermatogenesis. However, long‐term clinical observations have shown that high concentrations of testosterone also inhibit spermatogenesis, 21,22 which is most common in patients undergoing testosterone replacement therapy 23 . Patients with secondary cryptorzoospermia induced by testosterone replacement therapy were observed, and the results showed that the serum hormone levels and sperm concentration could return to normal ranges approximately 6–12 months after withdrawal of testosterone, suggesting that if men are trying to conceive, they should be prohibited from testosterone therapy 17,24 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment progress of cryptozoospermia with Western Medicine and traditional Chinese medicine: A literature review

Liu

Luo²,

Chen

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims Cryptozoospermia is an extreme oligozoospermia with an unsatisfactory treatment effect, with an incidence rate of approximately 8.73% in male infertility, whose effective solution has become the call of the times. Western Medicine has achieved certain effects through drugs, surgery, and assisted reproductive therapy, but this is still not ideal. Traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) has made many achievements in other disciplines; however, there is still a lack of evidence‐based medical evidence to improve sperm production. Methods The relevant literatures from the China National Knowledge Internet ( CNKI ) and PubMed in the past 10 years were collected in this article, of which the mechanisms, advantages, or current controversies of various treatment methods of Western Medicine and TCM were analyzed, to find new treatment methods and research directions. Results With the development of modern science and technology, medical treatments for cryptozoospermia have become increasingly abundant; however, there is still no universally recognized unified and effective guiding plan. Although TCM has not been fully verified by evidence‐based medicine, most TCM combined with Western Medicine can achieve unexpected results. Conclusion The combination of TCM and Western Medicine may become a bane for cryptozoospermia and bring good news to infertile men worldwide.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment progress of cryptozoospermia with Western Medicine and traditional Chinese medicine: A literature review

Liu

Luo²,

Chen

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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“…The NSC319726-induced retinoic acid shortage resulted in impaired spermatogenesis, reduced testosterone production, and compromised blood-testis barrier stability. NSC319726, as a retinoic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, might become a novel treatment for male contraception (Thirumalai and Amory 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoic acid mitigates the NSC319726-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction through cuproptosis-independent mechanisms

Yi,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Cell Biol Toxicol

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Copper ionophore NSC319726 has attracted researchers' attention in treating diseases, particularly cancers. However, its potential effects on male reproduction during medication are unclear. This study aimed to determine whether NSC319726 exposure affected the male reproductive system. The reproductive toxicity of NSC319726 was evaluated in male mice following a continuous exposure period of 5 weeks. The result showed that NSC319726 exposure caused testis index reduction, spermatogenesis dysfunction, and architectural damage in the testis and epididymis. The exposure interfered with spermatogonia proliferation, meiosis initiation, sperm count, and sperm morphology. The exposure also disturbed androgen synthesis and blood testis barrier integrity. NSC319726 treatment could elevate the copper ions in the testis to induce cuproptosis in the testis. Copper chelator rescued the elevated copper ions in the testis and partly restored the spermatogenesis dysfunction caused by NSC319726. NSC319726 treatment also decreased the level of retinol dehydrogenase 10 (RDH10), thereby inhibiting the conversion of retinol to retinoic acid, causing the inability to initiate meiosis. Retinoic acid treatment could rescue the meiotic initiation and spermatogenesis while not affecting the intracellular copper ion levels. The study provided an insight into the bio-safety of NSC319726. Retinoic acid could be a potential therapy for spermatogenesis impairment in patients undergoing treatment with NSC319726.

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“…Similarly to their role in female contraception, progestins provide gonadotropin suppression, inhibiting spermatogenesis. A trial of norethisterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate injections was terminated early due to adverse events, including depression, increased libido, and injection site pain [55]. A transdermal gel containing segesterone and testosterone has been shown to be safe and effective and is currently undergoing Phase 2B trials [56].…”

Section: Male Contraceptivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progestins of today and tomorrow

Liu¹,

Kciuk

Frank

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Purpose of reviewTo review the current literature on the multiple types and uses of progestins in reproductive healthcare. Recent findingsProgestins for contraceptive use are available in multiple forms, with the ongoing development of transdermal, intravaginal, and male contraception formulations. Noncontraceptive use of progestins often overlaps with contraceptive indications, which allows for simultaneous multipurpose progestin use, especially in reproductive-aged patients. More studies are needed to determine contraceptive doses of progestins used for noncontraceptive purposes. Side effect profiles of progestins are dependent on their formulation and cross-reactivity with other steroid receptors. Development of newer progestins includes manipulating pharmacologic properties to avoid undesired side effects.

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Emerging approaches to male contraception

Cited by 25 publications

References 91 publications

Treatment progress of cryptozoospermia with Western Medicine and traditional Chinese medicine: A literature review

Treatment progress of cryptozoospermia with Western Medicine and traditional Chinese medicine: A literature review

Retinoic acid mitigates the NSC319726-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction through cuproptosis-independent mechanisms

Progestins of today and tomorrow

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