Emerging Applications of Versatile Polyaniline-Based Polymers in the Food Industry

Chia, Min-Rui; Phang, Sook‐Wai; Ahmad, Ishak

doi:10.3390/polym14235168

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…PANI indicators can be used as smart packaging if they are in the form of films or labels. Combining with a biopolymer matrix can produce PANI packaging with good physical and mechanical properties [41]. In addition, combining with biopolymers can increase biodegradability properties, such as using PVA, starch, chitosan, etc.…”

Section: Polyaniline As Smart Detector Halochromicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halochromic Polyaniline as smart detector packaging for fresh food: a review

Fadhila,

Warsiki,

Yuliani

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Early spoilage is a challenge that is often encountered in fresh food. One prevention that can be done is by using packaging technology. There has been an increasing interest in using smart detector packaging for fresh products. Smart detector has high sensitivity and is responsive to visual changes when exposed to pH, temperature, water activity, or composition. The advantage of using a smart detector is that it can detect and give information on which products are safe to consume and which are not. Overall, the concept of a smart detector is not much different from the function of smart packaging. Smart packaging that is sensitive to pH is called halochromic properties. The mechanism of halochromic depends on the compound or the indicator used. Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the candidates for halochromic materials, which have high stability and sensitivity to pH changes. PANI also has a high sensitivity to volatile compounds such as ammonia, indicated by a change in colour from green to blue. This review will overview the use of PANI as a smart detector halochromic packaging and its potential application in the food industry. It has been found that the application of PANI has opportunities to advance the development of modern smart packaging and better food quality monitoring systems.

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Section: Polyaniline As Smart Detector Halochromicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halochromic Polyaniline as smart detector packaging for fresh food: a review

Fadhila,

Warsiki,

Yuliani

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The cytotoxic effects of PANI-based composites on various cell lines vary depending on factors such as PANIs's size, shape, oxidation state, and impurity level (Zare et al 2020). PANI exhibits higher cytotoxicity in its emeraldine salt form compared to its emeraldine base form (Chia et al 2022). However, a mouse embryonic broblast cell line (NIH/3T3) or embryonic stem cells (ES R1 (ESc)) did not show any cytotoxicity when the concentration of emeraldine salt was kept below 2.5 µg/mL (Humpolíček et al 2018).…”

Section: Biocompatibilities Of Conductive Polymer@cf Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of low-quality cotton-derived cellulose films as templates for in situ conductive polymer synthesis as promising biomaterials in biomedical applications

Demirci,

Sahiner,

Rumi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Due to the growing interest in biopolymer-based composites in many applications, noticeable devotion has been directed to natural polymer-derived products not only because of their renewable and eco-friendly characteristics but also for their versatility in processing conditions and cost-effectiveness in fabricating the final products. Here, we report the use of cellulose films (CFs) produced from low-quality cotton as a template for in situ synthesis of well-known conductive polymers, e.g., polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPY) via oxidative polymerization. Three successive monomer loading/polymerization cycles of aniline (ANI) and pyrrole (PY) within CFs as PANI@CF or PPY@CF were carried out to increase the extent of conductive polymer content. The contact angle (CA) for three times ANI and PPY loaded and polymerized CFs as 3PANI@CF and 3PPY@CF were determined as 26.3 ± 2.8o and 42.3 ± 0.6o, respectively. As the electrical conductivity is increased with increased number of conductive polymer synthesis within CF, the higher conductivity values, 3x10− 4±8.1x10− 5 S.cm− 1 and 2.1x10− 3±5.8x10− 4 S.cm− 1, respectively were measured for 3PANI@CF and 3PPY@CF composites that were approximately 3.3K-fold and 30K-fold higher, respectively, compared to bare CF. It was also found that PANI@CF composites are hemolytic, whereas PPY@CF composites are not at 1 mg/mL concentrations. In the presence of 1 mg of CF-based conductive polymer composites, all PPY@CF composites exhibit better biocompatibility than PANI@CF composites on L929 fibroblast cells with 81 ± 9, 71 ± 8, and 70 ± 8% cell viability for 1PPY@CF, 2PPY@CF, and 3PPY@CF composites, respectively. Moreover, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 3PPY@CF composites for Escherichia coli ATCC8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 are determined as 2.5 and 5 mg/mL, whereas these values were estimated to 5 and 10 mg/mL for Candida albicans ATCC10231.

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