Emerging applications of extracellular vesicles in tumor therapy

Luo, Hui; Jin, Jing; Jin, Jiajia; Lou, Kecheng; He, Hailan; Feng, Shangzhi; Zeng, Fei; Zou, Junrong

doi:10.1186/s12645-023-00217-3

Cancer Nano

2023

DOI: 10.1186/s12645-023-00217-3

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Emerging applications of extracellular vesicles in tumor therapy

Hui Luo

Jing Jin²,

Jiajia Jin

et al.

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have tremendous potential as nano/micron-sized drug delivery carriers. Their physical, chemical and biological characteristics distinguish them as unique carriers with specific pharmacokinetic, circulating metabolic, and biodistribution patterns in the delivery of therapeutic cargoes. They are critical mediators in the pathology of many diseases, including inflammatory diseases, fibrosis, and cancer, but they are also essential mediators in immunomodulation, cancer treatment, infe… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Anticancer platinum-drug delivered by mesenchymal stromal cells improves its activity on glioblastoma

Coccè,

Martegani,

Doneda

et al. 2024

Cancer Nano

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Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is nowadays the most aggressive tumor affecting brain in adults with a very poor prognosis due to the limited therapies and the systemic cytotoxicity. Among the different new drugs, recently has been reported the in vitro anti-glioma activity of a new cationic platinum(II) complex bearing 8-aminoquinoline as chelating ligand (Pt-8AQ). The purpose of this research work was to confirm the activity of Pt-8AQ on U87-GM spheroid and to investigate the ability of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) to incorporate and release Pt-8AQ in its active form. The MSCs were primed with Pt-8AQ under optimized conditions and the secretome was analyzed for evaluating the cytotoxic activity of Pt-8AQ and the presence of Extracellular Vesicles (Evs). Results The principal results showed that Pt-8AQ incorporated by MSCs was released in the secretome and exerted a significant higher anticancer activity with respect to the free drug. The release of Pt-8AQ did not occur in Evs, as demonstrated for other drugs, but it could be delivered bound to some specific carriers able to enhance its bioavailability and efficacy. Some hypotheses are discussed to explain this surprisingly finding out that, however, it needs more investigations. Conclusions The major conclusions are that cell mediated drug delivery systems could provide a potential approach to facilitate the GBM therapy by intra-tumoral administration of cells loaded with Pt-8AQ, being MSCs able to integrate it into the tumor mass and exert high therapeutic efficacy in situ. The increased efficacy of Pt-8AQ delivered by MSCs even suggests to deeper investigate a possible direct use of MSCs secretome both in situ and/or by systemic administration, being secretome able to pass the blood–brain tumor.

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Anticancer platinum-drug delivered by mesenchymal stromal cells improves its activity on glioblastoma

Coccè,

Martegani,

Doneda

et al. 2024

Cancer Nano

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Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Frontier in Cancer Therapeutics

Cui,

Perini,

Palmieri

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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Recent advancements in nanomedicine and biotechnology have unveiled the remarkable potential of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) as a novel and promising approach for cancer treatment. These naturally occurring nanoscale particles exhibit exceptional biocompatibility, targeted delivery capabilities, and the capacity to load therapeutic agents, positioning them at the forefront of innovative cancer therapy strategies. PDEVs are distinguished by their unique properties that facilitate tumor targeting and penetration, thereby enhancing the efficacy of drug delivery systems. Their intrinsic biological composition allows for the evasion of the immune response, enabling the efficient transport of loaded therapeutic molecules directly to tumor sites. Moreover, PDEVs possess inherent anti-cancer properties, including the ability to induce cell cycle arrest and promote apoptotic pathways within tumor cells. These vesicles have also demonstrated antimetastatic effects, inhibiting the spread and growth of cancer cells. The multifunctional nature of PDEVs allows for the simultaneous delivery of multiple therapeutic agents, further enhancing their therapeutic potential. Engineering and modification techniques, such as encapsulation, and the loading of therapeutic agents via electroporation, sonication, and incubation, have enabled the customization of PDEVs to improve their targeting efficiency and therapeutic load capacity. This includes surface modifications to increase affinity for specific tumor markers and the encapsulation of various types of therapeutic agents, such as small molecule drugs, nucleic acids, and proteins. Their plant-derived origin offers an abundant and renewable source to produce therapeutic vesicles, reducing costs and facilitating scalability for clinical applications. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the latest research on PDEVs as emerging anti-cancer agents in cancer therapy.

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Emerging applications of extracellular vesicles in tumor therapy

Cited by 2 publications

References 156 publications

Anticancer platinum-drug delivered by mesenchymal stromal cells improves its activity on glioblastoma

Anticancer platinum-drug delivered by mesenchymal stromal cells improves its activity on glioblastoma

Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Frontier in Cancer Therapeutics

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