Emerging applications of exosomes in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics

Inamdar, Sahil; Nitiyanandan, Rajeshwar; Rege, Kaushal

doi:10.1002/btm2.10059

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…Exosomes contain a large number of bioactive substances, such as protein, messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and lipids [21]. Exosomal miRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of lung cancer invasion and metastasis [22].…”

Section: Exosomal Mirnas and Lung Cancer 41 Exosomal Mirnas Mediate mentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional role of exosome microRNAs in lung cancer

Gong

Zhu

et al. 2017

Open Life Sciences

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Lung cancer causes the highest incidence and mortality rates of cancer disease worldwide. Despite obvious advances in lung cancer research, a better understanding of the disease is urgently needed to improve early detection and correct diagnoses. Exosomes are released from cancer cells and modulate cell-cell communication. Exosomes transfer a wide variety of molecules including microRNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNA expression patterns represent the status of physiology and disease. The focus of this review is to provide an update on the progress of miRNAs of cancer-derived exosome as potential biomarkers for lung cancer.

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Section: Exosomal Mirnas and Lung Cancer 41 Exosomal Mirnas Mediate mentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional role of exosome microRNAs in lung cancer

Gong

Zhu

et al. 2017

Open Life Sciences

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“…Exosomes are small 30-120 nm membrane-derived vesicles released by many normal and cancer cell types, in vivo and in vitro 9 . They play crucial role in tumour proliferation and metastasis as mediators of intracellular communication in localized and remote microenvironments by means of conditioning the development of pre-metastatic niche and metastasis 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VEGFR-2 Inhibitor Apatinib Hinders Endothelial Cells Progression Triggered by Irradiated Gastric Cancer Cells-derived Exosomes

Li¹,

Lin²,

Tian³

et al. 2018

J. Cancer

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Background: Radiotherapy is a standard treatment for a significant fraction of cancer patients. Nonetheless, to this day radiation resistance is a key impediment in gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Moreover, GC is characterized by its substantial neo-angiogenesis, driven by high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) correlated with the presence of stomach cancer. The aim of our study was to address if VEGFR inhibitors treatments impact the negative effect of radiotherapy regiments of gastric cancer.Materials and methods: Isolation of exosomes released by SGC-7901 and BGC-823 lines after irradiation at 0 Gy or 6 Gy was performed by differential ultra-centrifugation. Incubation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) was carried out with different concentrations of exosomes from non- or irradiated GC cells to address their proliferation and survival fraction (SF) by MTS. 6 Gy irradiated cells exosomes at concentration of 20 µg/ml were compared to EC incubated with the same exosome concentration from non-irradiated human GC cells over 72-hour time course. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed in a migration buffer consisting of exosomes released by non- or irradiated SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells over 24-hour time course. HUVEC cells stained with DAPI that have passed through a gluten gel were counted in order to monitor their invasion capacity. Employing IC50, 60 µg/ml was determined as the optimal Apatinib (YN968D1) concentration for the half-life of HUVEC, and incubated with exosomes from irradiated GC cells. The aforementioned assays were performed in the background of the same conditions in order to analyse the effect of Apatinib on HUVEC progression.Results: We show that proliferation, motility and invasive capacity of HUVEC are enhanced upon incubation with exosomes released by irradiated GC cell lines. Importantly, the latter is counteracted by the VEGFR-2 inhibitor Apatinib which hinders ECs progression.Conclusion / Significance: Combining radiotherapy and VEGFR inhibitors treatment can provide potentially a substantial impact in decreasing cancer death rates by averting the negative effect of radiotherapy regiments and provide better standard for cancer patients.

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“…In terms of scientific topics, BioTM has focused on subjects where Engineering, Chemical Engineering in particular, has made a strong fundamental and translational impact on the field. These topics include drug delivery, Nucleic acid delivery, Regenerative Medicine, Biotechnology, Nanomedicine, Biomedical Devices, and immunotherapy . We look forward to continue building our strengths in these fields and expand the list to include additional key areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial: The launch phase of Bioengineering & Translational Medicine

Mitragotri

2019

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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Emerging applications of exosomes in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics

Cited by 62 publications

References 120 publications

The functional role of exosome microRNAs in lung cancer

The functional role of exosome microRNAs in lung cancer

VEGFR-2 Inhibitor Apatinib Hinders Endothelial Cells Progression Triggered by Irradiated Gastric Cancer Cells-derived Exosomes

Editorial: The launch phase of Bioengineering & Translational Medicine

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