Emerging applications of biochar: A review on techno-environmental-economic aspects

Zhu, Hui; An, Qing; Syafika Mohd Nasir, Amirah; Babin, Alexandre; Lucero Saucedo, Sofia; Vallenas, Amzy; Li, Loretta; Baldwin, Susan Anne; Lau, Anthony; Bi, Xiaotao

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129745

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to serving as an alternative to chemical admixtures or clay-type additives, algal biochar nanocomposite particles exhibit great advantages in reducing carbon emissions and economic cost. While some carbon dioxide has been fixed by raw algal biomass, the highly porous structure of the biochar could help adsorb extra carbon dioxide, as quantitatively depicted according to the formula below C carbon = C algal · n 2 n 1 + C adsorb where C carbon (kg CO 2 e/kg) is the embodied carbon dioxide from the algal biochar-metal nanocomposites, C algal (kg CO 2 e/kg) is the embodied carbon dioxide from the raw algal biomass, which approximates around −1.83 kg CO 2 e/kg, n 1 is the weight percent (%) of algal biochar that can be yielded from the algae biomass, which was found to be 40.5% (see Figure S4 and Table S1), a value that aligns with the reported range from approximately 31–52% , using the fast pyrolysis method adopted in this study, n 2 is the remaining weight percent (%) of the sequestrated carbon in the biochar versus that in the original algae prior to the pyrolysis, which is about 85% . Additionally, C adsorb (kg CO 2 e/kg) is the adsorption weight of carbon dioxide by a unit weight of algal biochar, which is about −0.462 kg CO 2 e/kg .…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Algal Biochar-Metal Nanocomposite Particles Tailor the Hydration Kinetics and Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Paste

Chen,

Beatty,

Matar

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Biochar can improve the mechanical properties of portland cement paste and concrete. In this work, we produced algal biochar-zinc (biochar-Zn) and algal biochar-calcium (biochar-Ca) nanocomposite particles and studied their effect on the hydration kinetics and compressive strength of cement paste. Results show that 3 wt % biochar-Zn delayed peak heat evolution during cement hydration from 8.3 to 10.0 h, while 3 wt % addition of biochar-Ca induced a minor acceleration of peak heat from 8.3 to 8.2 h. Both biochar-Zn and biochar-Ca nanocomposite particles increased the compressive strength of cement paste at 28 days by 22.6 and 17.0%, respectively. Data substantiate that retardation or minor acceleration of the reaction kinetics was due exclusively to the presence of Zn and Ca phases, respectively, while the enhanced strength was attributed to a nucleation effect induced by such phases and the internal curing effect of biochar.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Algal Biochar-Metal Nanocomposite Particles Tailor the Hydration Kinetics and Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Paste

Chen,

Beatty,

Matar

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The high specific surface area and the presence of a wide range of pore sizes are also advantages. The production parameters of the biochar are adapted for the respective application and, if necessary, tailored post‐treatment or compounding with other materials is performed 53–55 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel olive stone biochar particle network for piezoresistive strain sensing in natural fiber‐reinforced composites

Schulte,

Lübkemann‐Warwas,

Kroll

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Natural fiber‐reinforced composites (NFRCs) suffer from water absorption and low temperature stability, resulting in fiber degradation and subsequent material failure. Built‐in piezoresistive sensors are investigated to monitor the deformation/strain of the component. As a low‐cost material from renewable resources biochar particles derived from olive stones were applied on flax plies and yarn bundles that served as model systems. Carbon black samples as petrochemical variants were used as a reference material. Biochar and carbon black‐covered fiber systems were laminated in epoxy resin followed by tensile tests. The electrical resistance was recorded simultaneously during testing. Biochar with a broad size distribution from nano to high micrometer range (D < 200 μm) was superior in sensor performance compared to carbon black and biochar with a smaller particle size range D < 20 μm. Gauge factors (GF) of NFRC samples with integrated biochar particles reached 30–80 while carbon black could not exceed a GF of 8. To obtain maximum GFs, yarn count of flax yarn/ply substrate should be as thin as possible, but still enable percolation of the adhering particle network. Comparatively large particle size was identified as a contributing factor enabling the high GF for coarse biochar compared to carbon black.Highlights A nonfossil biochar built‐in piezoresistive sensor in natural fiber‐reinforced composites was fabricated Deposing biochar directly on flax fibers facilitates processing The biochar piezoresistive sensor exhibits superior sensitivity compared to carbon black

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“…The synthesis of novel materials has been a recurrent theme in materials science, seeking to surpass the limitations of conventional materials and unlock unprecedented possibilities. Biochar, arising from the pyrolysis of organic matter, has garnered attention for its unique structural composition, rich carbon content, and multifaceted applications [9,10]. Beyond its established roles in soil amendment and carbon capture, biochar has increasingly become a focal point in materials research, with potential implications for enhancing the mechanical properties of composites [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mechanical Strength and Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Matrix Composites throughBiochar Reinforcement at Varied Weight Percentages

Alnaser

2024

Preprint

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This study introduces an innovative approach to fabricate aluminum matrix composites strengthened with biochar, derived from renewable biomass sources. A systematic investigation of varying biochar weight percentages (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt%) reveals substantial improvements in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Mechanical assessments, including compressive strength and hardness, demonstrate a significant enhancement in mechanical strength with biochar incorporation. In this study, it was discovered that the composite with 7.5 wt% biochar exhibits an optimal balance, displaying an 8.83% increase in compressive strength and a 15.15% rise in hardness compared to the base aluminum matrix. The study further evaluates corrosion behavior through electrochemical analyses and immersion tests in 3.5% NaCl corrosive environments, highlighting the superior corrosion resistance of biochar-reinforced composites. Corrosion rates decrease by 73% in the composite with 10 wt% biochar for the 24hrs immersion time, affirming its protective barrier against corrosive agents. This research provides quantitative insights into tailoring mechanical and corrosion properties in aluminum matrix composites through biochar reinforcement, offering a promising avenue for sustainable material development. The resulting materials exhibit not only an 8.83% increase in mechanical strength but also a 73% reduction in corrosion rates, offering valuable uses in industries that need strong, eco-friendly solutions.

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Emerging applications of biochar: A review on techno-environmental-economic aspects

Cited by 20 publications

References 153 publications

Algal Biochar-Metal Nanocomposite Particles Tailor the Hydration Kinetics and Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Paste

Algal Biochar-Metal Nanocomposite Particles Tailor the Hydration Kinetics and Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Paste

Novel olive stone biochar particle network for piezoresistive strain sensing in natural fiber‐reinforced composites

Tailoring the Mechanical Strength and Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Matrix Composites throughBiochar Reinforcement at Varied Weight Percentages

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