Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Comparison to Peers Without Diabetes

Palladino, Dianne K.; Helgeson, Vicki S.; Reynolds, Kerry; Becker, Dorothy J.; Siminerio, Linda M.; Escobar, Oscar

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jst002

Cited by 52 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In a previous report, we compared the two groups of emerging adults on psychological well-being and risk behaviors one year after high school graduation (49). In that report, we showed that the two groups did not differ in the life paths chosen (e.g., college), depressive symptoms, or disturbed eating behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive adaptation theory as a predictor of adjustment to emerging adulthood for youth with and without type 1 diabetes

Helgeson

Reynolds

Siminerio

et al. 2014

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine whether resilience, defined by cognitive adaptation theory, predicted emerging adulthood outcomes among youth with and without type 1 diabetes. Methods: Youth with (n = 118) and without type 1 diabetes (n = 122), who were part of a previous longitudinal study during adolescence, completed on-line questionnaires during their senior year of high school and one and two years later. They were average age 18, 53% female, and 93% white. Questionnaires assessed cognitive adaptation theory (CAT) indicators (self-esteem, mastery, optimism) and psychological, relationship, behavioral, vocational, and, for those with diabetes, diabetes outcomes. Results: The CAT index at baseline predicted reduced psychological distress, enhanced psychological well-being, increased friend support, reduced friend conflict, the presence of romantic relationships, reduced likelihood of romantic breakups, higher GPA, higher work satisfaction, and lower work stress during the transition to emerging adulthood. Among those with diabetes, the CAT index predicted better self-care behavior and revealed a marginal relation to better glycemic control. Analyses controlled for baseline levels when appropriate. Findings were stronger one year than two years post high school graduation, and findings were stronger for those with than without diabetes. Youth with diabetes also scored lower on the CAT index than youth without diabetes. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the implications of CAT include not only psychological health but also relationship, vocational, and diabetes outcomes. Those who score lower on CAT indicators should be identified as children so that interventions designed to enhance resilience can be implemented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive adaptation theory as a predictor of adjustment to emerging adulthood for youth with and without type 1 diabetes

Helgeson

Reynolds

Siminerio

et al. 2014

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…When examining samples of young adults with type 1 diabetes only, Jacobson et al [26] found similar rates of high school graduation and post-high school education when comparing those with diabetes to a comparison group. Palladino et al compared the life courses pursued after high school by early young adults and also found that those with type 1 diabetes were equally likely to attend college as those without type 1 diabetes [27]. Thus, it appears that young adults pursue higher education at similar rates, but more nuanced research evaluating the day-to-day impact of type 1 diabetes management on attendance and achievement is needed.…”

Section: Young Adulthood and Lifestyle Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes status may influence decisions about timing and process of moving out of the family home; however, recent research suggests that diabetes does not influence living situation [27, 28]. Increasing young adults’ confidence in their abilities to manage diabetes and gradually shifting responsibility for diabetes management from family-based management to primarily individual management are important considerations when preparing for independent living situations [28, 29].…”

Section: Young Adulthood and Lifestyle Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adulthood

Monaghan

Helgeson²,

Wiebe³

2015

CDR

151

125

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Type 1 diabetes has traditionally been studied as a chronic illness of childhood. However, young adulthood is a critical time for the development and integration of lifelong diabetes management skills, and research is starting to identify unique challenges faced by youth with diabetes as they age into adulthood. Most young adults experience multiple transitions during this unstable developmental period, including changes in lifestyle (e.g., education, occupation, living situation), changes in health care, and shifting relationships with family members, friends, and intimate others. Young adults with type 1 diabetes must navigate these transitions while also assuming increasing responsibility for their diabetes care and overall health. Despite these critical health and psychosocial concerns, there is a notable lack of evidence-based clinical services and supports for young adults with type 1 diabetes. We review relevant evolving concerns for young adults with type 1 diabetes, including lifestyle considerations, health care transitions, psychosocial needs, and changes in supportive networks, and how type 1 diabetes impacts and is impacted by these key developmental considerations. Specific avenues for intervention and future research are offered.

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“…Balfe and colleagues found that young adults with type 1 diabetes experienced distress regarding their daily management needs, stigma, and worry about their future [5]. In a study by Palladino et al [6], emerging adults with diabetes report lower level of life satisfaction and life purpose than peers living without type 1 diabetes. Management challenges are often complicated by developmental transitions of emerging adulthood such as attending college, obtaining employment, or living independently [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Photo-Elicitation to Explore Young Adult Perspectives on Coping with Type 1 Diabetes

Melton

Johnson

2015

PLAID

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Objective: Young adults with type 1 diabetes face multiple challenges managing their disease and navigating the life transitions of emerging adulthood. This places them at increased risk for poor health and psychological outcomes. The purpose of the present formative evaluation study was to assess the impact of diabetes on their lives and identify salient messages for health promotion using an online photo-elicitation technique.Research Design and Method: Thirty young adults participated by submitting photographs and written narratives describing how diabetes has impacted their lives.Results: Diabetes negatively impacts young adults' social connections, identity, and self-perceptions; yet, mechanisms for coping and personal growth were identified among participants.Conclusions: Young adults with diabetes face significant challenges in coping with the disease; however, they are able to reframe their experience in positive ways using effective coping strategies, such as communicating with others who understand what life with diabetes is like and developing social connections.

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Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Comparison to Peers Without Diabetes

Abstract: Emerging adults with and without diabetes fare similarly on most dimensions studied during the first year out of high school.

Cited by 52 publications

References 45 publications

Cognitive adaptation theory as a predictor of adjustment to emerging adulthood for youth with and without type 1 diabetes

Cognitive adaptation theory as a predictor of adjustment to emerging adulthood for youth with and without type 1 diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adulthood

Using Photo-Elicitation to Explore Young Adult Perspectives on Coping with Type 1 Diabetes

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