Emerging adults’ sleep patterns and attentional capture: the pivotal role of consistency

Whiting, Wythe L.; Murdock, Karla Klein

doi:10.1007/s10339-016-0754-9

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Greater sleep variability has been negatively associated with health (e.g., higher body mass index: Moore et al, 2011), mood (e.g., poorer subjective well-being: Lemola et al, 2013; increased severity of depression: Suh et al, 2012), and behaviour (e.g., adolescent aggression: Lemola et al, 2012). Of particular relevance to the current study, Whiting and Murdock (2016) demonstrated that sleep duration variability moderates the association between sleep duration and attentional disengagement, that is, the capacity to withdraw attention from the currently focused stimulus (attentional switch). Shorter sleep duration was associated with poorer ability to switch attention when coupled with low sleep duration variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Sleep variability has been broadly defined as inconsistencies in various sleep indices including sleep onset and offset timing, sleep latency, sleep quality, wake after sleep onset, sleep duration, and efficiency. It is typically calculated as the variability from weekdays to weekends (Lemola et al, 2012) or as the within-subject standard deviation for the corresponding variables over the course of several days (Whiting & Murdock, 2016) to weeks (Lemola et al, 2013; Lev Ari & Shulman, 2012; Sánchez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep duration, sleep variability, and impairments of visual attention

Barclay

Rowley

Robson

et al. 2020

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Attentional networks are sensitive to sleep deprivation. However, variation in attentional performance as a function of normal sleep parameters is understudied. We examined whether attentional performance is influenced by (a) individual differences in sleep duration, (b) sleep duration variability, and/or (c) their interaction. A total of 57 healthy participants (61.4% female, Mage = 32.37 years, SD = 8.68) completed questionnaires, wore wrist actigraphy for 1 week, and subsequently completed the attention network test. Sleep duration and sleep duration variability did not predict orienting score, executive control score, or error rates. Sleep duration variability appeared to moderate the association between sleep duration with overall reaction time (β = –.34, t = –2.13, p = .04) and alerting scores (β = .43, t = 2.94, p = .01), though further inspection of the data suggested that these were spurious findings. Time of testing was a significant predictor of alerting score (β = .35, t = 2.96, p = .01), chronotype of orienting (β = .31, t = 2.28, p = .03), and age of overall reaction time (β = .35, t = 2.70, p = .01). Our results highlight the importance of examining the associations between variations in sleep–wake patterns and attentional networks in samples with greater variation in sleep, as well as the importance of rigorously teasing apart mechanisms of the sleep homeostat from those related to the circadian rhythm in studies examining cognition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep duration, sleep variability, and impairments of visual attention

Barclay

Rowley

Robson

et al. 2020

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…To assess the impact of prior sleep and wake on test battery performance during shifts, participant sleep-wake characteristics in the 24 hours prior to the start of the day, first and subsequent (3 rd , 4 th or 5 th ) night shift associated with testing were calculated from actigraphy. For this analysis only, missing actigraphic sleep data were substituted with data from sleep diaries as per previous studies 39 to ensure sufficient power. Subjective sleep timing was determined from self-reported sleep onset and sleep offset times.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Shift Work on Sleep, Alertness and Performance in Healthcare Workers

Ganesan

Magee

Stone

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

243

158

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Shift work is associated with impaired alertness and performance due to sleep loss and circadian misalignment. This study examined sleep between shift types (day, evening, night), and alertness and performance during day and night shifts in 52 intensive care workers. Sleep and wake duration between shifts were evaluated using wrist actigraphs and diaries. Subjective sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, KSS) and Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) performance were examined during day shift, and on the first and subsequent night shifts (3rd, 4th or 5th). Circadian phase was assessed using urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin rhythms. Sleep was most restricted between consecutive night shifts (5.74 ± 1.30 h), consecutive day shifts (5.83 ± 0.92 h) and between evening and day shifts (5.20 ± 0.90 h). KSS and PVT mean reaction times were higher at the end of the first and subsequent night shift compared to day shift, with KSS highest at the end of the first night. On nights, working during the circadian acrophase of the urinary melatonin rhythm led to poorer outcomes on the KSS and PVT. In rotating shift workers, early day shifts can be associated with similar sleep restriction to night shifts, particularly when scheduled immediately following an evening shift. Alertness and performance remain most impaired during night shifts given the lack of circadian adaptation to night work. Although healthcare workers perceive themselves to be less alert on the first night shift compared to subsequent night shifts, objective performance is equally impaired on subsequent nights.

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“…Additionally, performance in several objective EF tests is associated with circadian rhythm and time of day, suggesting that sleep timing may play a part in performance-based EF (Hahn et al, 2012). Similarly, irregular sleep, as night-to-night variation in sleep, has been shown to associate with more frequent attention problems (Whiting and Murdock, 2016) and subjective wellbeing (Lemola et al, 2013). Also, sleep variability may account for some of the sleep-related decline in cognitive performance, especially in emerging adults (Whiting and Murdock, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, irregular sleep, as night-to-night variation in sleep, has been shown to associate with more frequent attention problems (Whiting and Murdock, 2016) and subjective wellbeing (Lemola et al, 2013). Also, sleep variability may account for some of the sleep-related decline in cognitive performance, especially in emerging adults (Whiting and Murdock, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally occurring circadian rhythm and sleep duration are related to executive functions in early adulthood

Kuula

Pesonen

Heinonen

et al. 2017

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMARYExperimental sleep deprivation studies suggest that insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment associates with poorer executive function. It is not known whether this association translates to naturally occurring sleep patterns. A total of 512 of full-term-born members of the Arvo Ylpp € o Longitudinal Study [mean age = 25.3, standard deviation (SD) = 0.65] (44.3% men) wore actigraphs to define sleep duration, its irregularity and circadian rhythm (sleep mid-point) during a 1-week period (mean 6.9 nights, SD = 1.7). Performance-based executive function was assessed with the Trail-Making Test, Conners' Continuous Performance Test and Stroop. The self-rated adult version of Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function was used to assess trait-like executive function. We found that performance-based and self-reported trait-like executive function correlated only modestly (all correlations ≤0.17). Shorter sleep duration associated with more commission errors. Later circadian rhythm associated with poorer trait-like executive function, as indicated by the Brief Metacognitive Index and the Behavior Regulation Index. Those belonging to the group with the most irregular sleep duration performed slower than others in the Trail-Making Test Part A. All associations were adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status and body mass index. In conclusion, naturally occurring insufficient sleep and later circadian rhythm showed modest associations with poorer executive function. Shorter habitual sleep duration was associated with lower scores of performance-based tests of executive function, and later circadian rhythm was associated mainly with poorer trait-like executive function characteristics. Our findings suggest additionally that sleep duration and circadian rhythm associate with different domains of executive function, and there are no additive effects between the two. IN TROD UCTI ONExecutive functions (EFs) are considered the central control systems for complex behaviour, such as attention, planning and goal-setting, inhibitory abilities and cognitive flexibility. EFs can be defined both as permanent characteristics of an individual (Friedman et al., 2016) and as fluctuating test performance affected by states such as stress (Shields et al., 2016), sleep deprivation (Rossa et al., 2014), alcohol consumption (Day et al., 2015), medication (Moeller et al., 2014) and mood (Cotrena et al., 2016).As a somewhat stable characteristic of an individual, EFs can be evaluated with self-ratings such as the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) (Roth et al.,

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Emerging adults’ sleep patterns and attentional capture: the pivotal role of consistency

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Sleep duration, sleep variability, and impairments of visual attention

Sleep duration, sleep variability, and impairments of visual attention

The Impact of Shift Work on Sleep, Alertness and Performance in Healthcare Workers

Naturally occurring circadian rhythm and sleep duration are related to executive functions in early adulthood

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