Emerging adults' responses to a media presentation of idealized female beauty: An examination of cosmetic surgery in reality television.

Markey, Charlotte N.; Markey, Patrick M.

doi:10.1037/a0027869

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…To assess implicit beliefs in beauty, we modified items from the general implicit beliefs assessment to reflect the domain of beauty. We chose to focus on the term "beauty" rather than another term like "appearance" or "attractiveness" because the messages most commonly communicated to women in Western cultures in regard to their appearance is in reference to "beauty" ideals, competitions, standards, and practices (e.g., Bissell & Rask, 2010;Markey & Markey, 2012;Swami et al, 2010).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ugly Duckling Effect: Examining Fixed versus Malleable Beliefs about Beauty

Burkley

Stermer

et al. 2014

Social Cognition

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Storybook tales, movies, and beauty magazines often communicate the message that beauty is malleable. Malleable beliefs are generally found to be beneficial, but this is not the case in the beauty domain. Across two studies, we found that the "beauty is malleable" belief puts women (but not men) at risk for harmful appearance concerns, such as basing their selfworth on physical attractiveness, increased appearance anxiety, and increased interest in cosmetic surgery. These results were found when beauty beliefs were measured (Study 1) and manipulated (Study 2). Thus, the message that beauty is malleable has a potentially harmful effect on women's lives. This work also suggests that the typical finding that malleable beliefs are beneficial may reverse when the domain in question has unattainable standards.

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Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ugly Duckling Effect: Examining Fixed versus Malleable Beliefs about Beauty

Burkley

Stermer

et al. 2014

Social Cognition

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show abstract

“…H 1 and H 2 predict that a stronger interdependent self-construal will lead to a greater motivation to conform to beauty-related norms and, subsequently, heightened self-discrepancy. From a societal standpoint, this is not necessarily a desirable phenomenon, as it could lead to a surge in objectification, preoccupation with appearance, body and face shaming, and various other physical and psychological negative consequences (Kim, Young, and Keun 2014; Markey and Markey 2012). This begs the question whether interdependents’ potentially harmful pursuit of beauty can be reduced.…”

Section: Conceptual Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Culture on the Pursuit of Beauty: Evidence from Five Countries

Madan¹,

Basu²,

Ng³

et al. 2018

Journal of International Marketing

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Human beings have always coveted beautiful objects, but the desire to look good is reaching new heights worldwide. Although the pursuit of beauty appears universal, industry evidence suggests that it is particularly strong in Asia. This research examines the effect of culture on the pursuit of beauty. Three studies provide converging evidence that interdependent self-construal increases the likelihood of using appearance-enhancing products. Study 1 operationalizes culture through nationality and self-construal and shows that Easterners (more interdependent) are more likely to use appearance-enhancing products than Westerners (less interdependent). This use is driven by interdependents’ tendency to conform to societal norms, which in turn leads to heightened self-discrepancy (Study 2). The use of appearance-enhancing tools helps minimize this discrepancy. Study 3 shows that strength of norms moderates the impact of interdependence on the use of appearance-enhancing tools. When norms are loosely defined and adherence is not strictly enforced, interdependents’ appearance enhancement tendency is reduced. This research offers actionable insights into the pursuit of beauty, marketing of beauty brands, policy making, and consumer well-being.

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“…From a societal point of view, this is not necessarily a desirable phenomenon as it could lead to a surge in objectification, pre-occupation with appearance, body and face shaming, and various other physical and psychological negative consequences (Kim, Young, and Keun 2014;Markey and Markey 2012). This begs the question: how can we reduce interdependents' potentially harmful pursuit of beauty?…”

Section: Tightness and Looseness Of Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Culture on the Pursuit of Beauty: Evidence from Five Countries

Madan

Basu

et al. 2018

Journal of International Marketing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human beings have always coveted beautiful objects, but the desire to look good is touching new heights worldwide. Although the pursuit of beauty appears to be universal, industry evidence suggests that it is particularly strong in Asia. This research examines the effect of culture on the pursuit of beauty. Three studies provide converging evidence that interdependent self-construal increases the likelihood of using appearance-enhancing products. Study 1 operationalizes culture through nationality and self-construal and shows that Easterners (more interdependent) are more likely to use appearance-enhancing products compared to Westerners (less interdependent). This is driven by interdependents' tendency to conform to societal norms, which in turn leads to heightened self-discrepancy (Study 2). The use of appearanceenhancing tools helps to minimize this discrepancy. Lastly, Study 3 shows that the impact of interdependence on usage of appearance-enhancing tools is moderated by strength of norms. When norms are loosely defined and adherence is not strictly enforced, interdependents' appearance enhancement tendency is reduced. This research offers actionable insights into the pursuit of beauty, marketing of beauty brands, policymaking, and consumer well-being.

show abstract

Emerging adults' responses to a media presentation of idealized female beauty: An examination of cosmetic surgery in reality television.

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

The Ugly Duckling Effect: Examining Fixed versus Malleable Beliefs about Beauty

The Ugly Duckling Effect: Examining Fixed versus Malleable Beliefs about Beauty

Impact of Culture on the Pursuit of Beauty: Evidence from Five Countries

Impact of Culture on the Pursuit of Beauty: Evidence from Five Countries

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