Emerging adult identity development, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems during the transition out of college.

Gates, Jonathan; Corbin, William R.; Fromme, Kim

doi:10.1037/adb0000179

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Additionally, mean scores on the CES-D (Audrain-McGovern et al, 2011) and GAD-7 (Bonar et al, 2018;Stein et al, 2013) were similar to other studies utilizing emerging adult samples. Total scores for the RAPI (Gates et al, 2016;Kenney et al, 2012) and RMPI (Lee et al, 2010) were also comparable to previous research.…”

Section: Preliminary Analysessupporting

confidence: 83%

Examining the Prospective Associations Between Mindfulness Facets and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

Single

Keough

2020

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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Aims Emerging adulthood (i.e. ages 18–25) is a developmental phase associated with frequent alcohol and cannabis use, placing this population at risk for substance use problems. Depression and anxiety (i.e. emotional psychopathology) are also prevalent during this phase, and some emerging adults use substances to cope with these negative emotions. Mindfulness—a multifaceted construct—involves being present in a nonjudgmental and nonreactive way. Certain mindfulness facets are particularly relevant in buffering against substance use. A recent longitudinal study [Single A, Bilevicius E, Johnson EA. et al. (2019) Specific facets of trait mindfulness reduce risk for alcohol and drug use among first-year undergraduate students. Mindfulness 10:1269–1279] showed that specific mindfulness facets (i.e. acting with awareness, nonjudging of inner experience and nonreactivity to inner experience) predicted decreased alcohol and drug use in undergraduates. These pathways were explained by low levels of emotional psychopathology. Methods This study expanded this recent work by using a three time-point longitudinal design and by including measures of both alcohol and cannabis use and related problems. Using MTurk, participants (N = 299) completed online measures of trait mindfulness, depression, anxiety, alcohol and cannabis use and related problems at three time-points, each 2 weeks apart. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results The acting with awareness and nonjudging of inner experience facets predicted fewer alcohol problems, but not alcohol use, and this effect was mediated by low levels of emotional psychopathology. These results were not supported for cannabis use and problems. Conclusion This study demonstrates that there may be differences in the pathways from trait mindfulness to alcohol and cannabis use during emerging adulthood.

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Section: Preliminary Analysessupporting

confidence: 83%

Examining the Prospective Associations Between Mindfulness Facets and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

Single

Keough

2020

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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“…Additional analyses revealed that at 19 years, adolescents in this particular trajectory work on average more hours than adolescents in the other trajectories (mean hours stable low = 15, moderate increasing = 16, heavy increasing = 19 and peaking = 22). The responsibilities that come with the labor market entry could be the reason for the decline in drinking behavior in this group [24,57,58]. This trajectory showed no increased risk of unemployment, further supporting this notion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…In our study, the minority of adolescents in the peaking trajectory had an early onset of alcohol and cannabis use, which peaked around 16–19 years of age and declined in late adolescence and young adulthood. The majority of the adolescents had patterns of risk behaviors that remained stable tended to increase until late adolescence and young adulthood (up till 22 years; [24,39,58]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unique developmental trajectories of risk behaviors in adolescence and associated outcomes in young adulthood

et al. 2019

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This study aimed at assessing developmental trajectories of risk behaviors from adolescence into young adulthood and their associations with outcomes in young adulthood (i.e. education, employment). Data of the TRacking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) including 2,149 participants (mean age = 13.6, SD = 0.5, 51% girls) were used to examine the development of alcohol, cannabis, smoking, and externalizing behavior. The results showed that the associations between these risk behaviors varied with age, and revealed varying developmental patterns throughout adolescence. Most notably alcohol use did not covary strongly with the other risk behaviors. The often assumed peak in risk behavior in adolescence was only found in a small group, and only for alcohol (7.4%) and cannabis use (3.4%), but not for smoking or externalizing behavior. Most adolescents revealed only low involvement in risk behavior, with the largest differences between low and high trajectories emerging in late adolescence (> 19 years). Clustering of risk behavior throughout adolescence is rather the exception than the rule and depends on age and type of risk behavior. Differences in risk behavior between individuals become the largest in late adolescence, possibly influencing successful transition into adulthood visible in educational attainment and employment.

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“…sensation-seeking, positive and negative urgency, reward sensitivity, lack of perseverance/premeditation) and heavy drinking in emerging adults [13]. Recent longitudinal findings suggest that the influence of role transition and personality on drinking behaviour changes over the course of young adulthood, such that in early young adulthood role transitions are more influential but later personality plays a greater role [14, 15]. In addition, the expectancies an individual has for the predicted effects of alcohol may also influence how much and how often they drink.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of aging out of heavy episodic drinking in emerging adults: a systematic review protocol

et al. 2019

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Background Heavy episodic drinking (HED) refers to alcohol consumption that exceeds the recommended threshold for a given episode and increases risk for diverse negative alcohol-related consequences. A pattern of weekly HED is most prevalent in emerging adults (i.e., age 18–25). However, rates of HED consistently decline in the mid to late twenties, referred to as ‘aging out’ or ‘maturing out’ of HED. Although many individual studies have followed changes in drinking behaviour over the transition to adulthood, there has yet to be a systematic review to identify consistent factors contributing to risk (i.e. failure to age out) and protection (i.e. successful aging out). The objective of this review will be to summarize and critically appraise the literature on factors contributing to aging out of HED among emerging adults. Methods A systematic search of observational cohort studies following drinking behaviours in age cohorts overlapping with the emerging adulthood period will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychInfo, and CINAHL. Two independent reviewers will evaluate identified studies for inclusion eligibility, extract study data, and assess the quality of included studies. Primary outcomes will be quantity/frequency of alcohol use (e.g. drinks/week) and severity of alcohol-related problems. Predictors of maturing out of HED will be reported narratively, and where appropriate, random effects meta-analyses will be conducted to provide pooled effect sizes. An evidence map will be created to characterize the overall pattern of findings. Discussion This systematic review will provide a timely and warranted summary of published work contributing to understanding aging out of heavy episodic drinking. Our findings will provide critical commentary on the developmental course of HED during the transition from adolescence to adulthood and will be the first review to consider both protective and risk factors for maturing out of frequent binge drinking. By highlighting factors identifying those at-risk for prolonged heavy episodic drinking, our conclusions will have important treatment implications for primary, secondary, and tertiary intervention strategies. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42017078436 . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13643-019-1139-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Emerging adult identity development, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems during the transition out of college.

Cited by 29 publications

References 55 publications

Examining the Prospective Associations Between Mindfulness Facets and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

Examining the Prospective Associations Between Mindfulness Facets and Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

Unique developmental trajectories of risk behaviors in adolescence and associated outcomes in young adulthood

Predictors of aging out of heavy episodic drinking in emerging adults: a systematic review protocol

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