Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice

Gilbert, Ian; Lao, Yuyang; Carrasquillo, Isaac; O’Brien, Liam; Watts, Justin D.; Manno, Michael; Leighton, Chris; Schöll, A.; Nisoli, Cristiano; Schiffer, P.

doi:10.1038/nphys3520

Cited by 140 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…Our results demonstrate how the complex magnetotransport of artificial spin ice artificial spin ice [37,38] …”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Artificial spin ice structures have proven to be exemplary 35 systems in which to study frustration [5,6] and have been noted for their technological 36 potential as both a reconfigurable metamaterial and as a memory storage medium [7,8,37 9, 10,11,12]. Connected artificial spin ice in particular has been studied extensively in 38 the last decade [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]. Tanaka et al and 39 other workers, observed sharp features in the magnetoresistance of connected artificial 40 spin ice, and associated them with reversal events that maintain the ice rules of the 41 system [13,14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding magnetotransport signatures in networks of connected permalloy nanowires

Le¹,

Park²,

Sklenar³

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. B

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The change in electrical resistance associated with the application of an external magnetic field is known as the magnetoresistance (MR). The measured MR is quite complex in the class of connected networks of single-domain ferromagnetic nanowires, known as 'artificial spin ice', due to the geometrically-induced collective behavior of the nanowire moments. We have conducted a thorough experimental study of the MR of a connected honeycomb artificial spin ice, and we present a simulation methodology for understanding the detailed behavior of this complex correlated magnetic system. Our results demonstrate that the behavior, even at low magnetic fields, can be well-described only by including significant contributions from the vertices at which the legs meet, opening the door to new geometrically-induced MR phenomena.

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“…Our results demonstrate how the complex magnetotransport of artificial spin ice artificial spin ice [37,38] …”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding magnetotransport signatures in networks of connected permalloy nanowires

Le¹,

Park²,

Sklenar³

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Systematically changing the lattice structure and geometry, as in Tetris and Shatki lattice structures, has also been carried out. [18][19][20] In each case the disorder has been shown to lead to changes in the magnetization dynamics, and equilibrium states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disordered kagomé spin ice

Greenberg

Kunz

2018

AIP Advances

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Artificial spin ice is made from a large array of patterned magnetic nanoislands designed to mimic naturally occurring spin ice materials. The geometrical arrangement of the kagomé lattice guarantees a frustrated arrangement of the islands’ magnetic moments at each vertex where the three magnetic nanoislands meet. This frustration leads to a highly degenerate ground state which gives rise to a finite (residual) entropy at zero temperature. In this work we use the Monte Carlo simulation to explore the effects of disorder in kagomé spin ice. Disorder is introduced to the system by randomly removing a known percentage of magnetic islands from the lattice. The behavior of the spin ice changes as the disorder increases; evident by changes to the shape and locations of the peaks in heat capacity and the residual entropy. The results are consistent with observations made in diluted physical spin ice materials.

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“…It is also difficult to tune the lattice spacing/geometry as well as to locally control the defects. To avoid this problem, single-domain ferromagnetic islands have been lithographically patterned into various frustrated geometries which mimic spin ice materials [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. These patterned ferromagnetic islands, known as artificial spin ice (ASI), enable direct probing of local configurations in ice systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct visualization of vortex ice in a nanostructured superconductor

Gladilin

Tempere

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. B

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Artificial ice systems have unique physical properties promising for potential applications. One of the most challenging issues in this field is to find novel ice systems that allows a precise control over the geometries and many-body interactions. Superconducting vortex matter has been proposed as a very suitable candidate to study artificial ice, mainly due to availability of tunable vortex-vortex interactions and the possibility to fabricate a variety of nanoscale pinning potential geometries. So far, a detailed imaging of the local configurations in a vortex-based artificial ice system is still lacking. Here we present a direct visualization of the vortex ice state in a nanostructured superconductor. By using the scanning Hall probe microscopy, a large area with the vortex ice ground state configuration has been detected, which confirms the recent theoretical predictions for this new ice system. Besides the defects analogous to artificial spin ice systems, other types of defects have been visualized and identified. We also demonstrate the possibility to realize different types of defects by varying the magnetic field.

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Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice

Cited by 140 publications

References 30 publications

Understanding magnetotransport signatures in networks of connected permalloy nanowires

Understanding magnetotransport signatures in networks of connected permalloy nanowires

Disordered kagomé spin ice

Direct visualization of vortex ice in a nanostructured superconductor

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