Emergent Anthropometric Indices in Differential Prediction of Prehypertension and Hypertension in Mexican Population: Results according to Age and Sex

Abstract

Background. Hypertension (HTN) is recognized as a significant public health problem in the world. The objective of this study is to evaluate emergent anthropometric indices as predictors of preHTN and HTN according to age and sex in a sample of Mexican adults. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,150 participants aged 18–80 years old. Anthropometric data and blood pressure measurements were analyzed. Comparisons between men and women were carried out by independent analysis. Cutoff points for each emergent anthropometric index were obtained using the values’ upper second and third tertiles. Logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristics curve analyses were used to assess the association and the predictive value of several emergent anthropometric indices with the presence of preHTN and HTN. Results. The prevalence of preHTN and HTN was 29.74% and 14.35%, respectively. In a logistic regression analysis adjusted by age and sex, the body roundness index (BRI) (OR = 2.08, p < 0.001 ) and conicity index (CI) (OR = 1.37, p = 0.044 ) were associated with preHTN, while CI (OR = 2.47, p < 0.001 ) and waist to height squared (W/Ht2) (OR = 2.19, p < 0.001 ) were associated with HTN. Furthermore, in both sexes, BRI was the main predictor of preHTN (AUC: 0.634 and 0.656, respectively). Particularly, according to sex and age range, the predictive emergent anthropometric indices in men were the body shape index (ABSI) and waist to height cubic (W/Ht3) (AUC = 0.777 and 0.771, respectively), whereas in women, the predictors were CI and ABSI (AUC = 0.737 and 0.729, respectively). In men ≤40 years old, central body fat indices were predictors of preHTN and HTN, but in men >40 years old, the predictor indices were W/Ht3 and W/Ht2. In women ≤40 years, the pulse mass index (PMI) was the best main predictor (AUC = 0.909) of HTN. Conclusion. CI, PMI, W/Ht3, W/Ht2, and ABSI could represent differential predictors of preHTN and HTN between men and women according to age range.

Body roundness index and risk of developing hypertension: A prospective cohort study in southwest China

“…It is worth noting that the calculation of the new anthropometric index BRI is complex compared to traditional AHIs with the addition of WC and Height, but better re ects visceral adipose tissue and body fat [26]. Several cross-sectional studies have shown that BRI levels exhibit strong associations with blood pressure in Mexican populations [30]; another study based on a Chinese population similarly showed a strong correlation between BRI and the development of hypertension in non-obese populations [20]; Wu et al demonstrated that among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and other populations, only non-Hispanic whites had a strong association between BRI and hypertension (P for interaction < 0.05) [31]; Xiao et al also noted that the strength of the association between BRI and hypertension was greater in men and urban populations compared with women and rural populations (P < 0.05) [32]. The results of a longitudinal study based in China showed that the risk of hypertension increased with increasing BRI, and the risk of new-onset hypertension was greater in participants < 40 years of age (P for interaction < 0.05) [26].…”

Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria

“…Many other indexes obtained from anthropometric or mixed anthropometric plus biochemical parameters have been used in different populations to evaluate cardiometabolic risk [8,[37][38][39][40]; however, some show wide individual errors and a lack of sensitivity in detecting change in body fat over time [41], and it is not yet fully clear which emergent anthropometric index may be best associated with cardiometabolic risk and if these vary according to sex and age [40].…”