Emergency medicine residents' use of psychostimulants and sedatives to aid in shift work

Shy, Bradley D.; Portelli, Ian; Nelson, Lewis S.

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2010.06.004

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Two previous studies on emergency medicine residents showed that 38% and 46.2% of participants used sleep medication 34, 35. Overall, in the current study, 26.7% of residents took medication to help them sleep in the past month.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Prevalence of and risk factors for poor sleep quality among residents in training in KSA

AlSaif

2019

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

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Objectives This study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for poor sleep quality among medical residents in KSA. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on residents in programmes supervised by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties. An anonymous, self-administered, web-based survey using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was done. The study received ethical approval from the institutional review board of the King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh, KSA. Results A total of 1205 residents responded to the survey. A high prevalence of 86.3% of poor sleep quality was recorded. When grouped by specialty, anaesthesia residents had the highest prevalence of poor sleep quality (96%), whereas pathology residents had the lowest prevalence (68.7%). Increased sleep latency was the most common contributor to poor sleep quality, observed in 68.4% of residents at least once a week. Poor sleep quality was further stratified based on median PSQI scores into stages 1 (46.9%) and 2 (39.4%). Using multivariate logistic regression, the age group of those between 27 and 29 years ( p = 0.012) covering on-call cases ( p ≤ 0.01) or working shifts ( p < 0.001) was significantly associated with stage 2 poor sleep quality. Conclusion Poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among medical residents in KSA. Increased sleep latency and short sleep duration were the most reported sleep distractors. On-call scheduling and shift work were major risk factors for poor sleep quality. Training programmes should abide by the 80-hour weekly limit and integrate wellness programmes into the curriculum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Prevalence of and risk factors for poor sleep quality among residents in training in KSA

AlSaif

2019

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

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“…There were no significant differences detected between nurses, residents, and faculty regarding choice of stimulant (coffee, tea, energy drink, etc.). These results parallel other studies of night shift healthcare workers [20,21]. Of note, not one subject reported the use of modafinil or amphetamine-like substances to enhance wakefulness during their night shift.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Night shift preparation, performance, and perception: are there differences between emergency medicine nurses, residents, and faculty?

et al. 2018

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Objective Determine differences between faculty, residents, and nurses regarding night shift preparation, performance, recovery, and perception of emotional and physical health effects. Methods Survey study performed at an urban university medical center emergency department with an accredited residency program in emergency medicine. Results Forty-seven faculty, 37 residents, and 90 nurses completed the survey. There was no difference in use of physical sleep aids between groups, except nurses utilized blackout curtains more (69%) than residents (60%) and faculty (45%). Bedroom temperature preference was similar. The routine use of pharmacologic sleep aids differed: nurses and residents (both 38%) compared to faculty (13%). Residents routinely used melatonin more (79%) than did faculty (33%) and nurses (38%). Faculty preferred not to eat (45%), whereas residents (24%) preferred a full meal. The majority (>72%) in all groups drank coffee before their night shift and reported feeling tired despite their routine, with 4:00 a.m. as median nadir. Faculty reported a higher rate (41%) of falling asleep while driving compared to residents (14%) and nurses (32%), but the accident rate (3% to 6%) did not differ significantly. All had similar opinions regarding night shift-associated health effects. However, faculty reported lower level of satisfaction working night shifts, whereas nurses agreed less than the other groups regarding increased risk of drug and alcohol dependence. Conclusion Faculty, residents, and nurses shared many characteristics. Faculty tended to not use pharmacologic sleep aids, not eat before their shift, fall asleep at a higher rate while driving home, and enjoy night shift work less.

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“…We found a significant positive association between NNL and daily caffeine consumption, which might suggest that caffeine is being used as a stimulant during night work. Shy et al report that 89 % of emergency residents consumed caffeine during night shifts, with 52 % using it every shift [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between night work and BMI, alcohol, smoking, caffeine and exercise - a cross-sectional study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundShift work is associated with negative health effects. Increased prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors among shift workers/night workers compared with day workers have been shown resulting in increased risk of cardiovascular events among shift workers and night workers. Previous studies have taken a dichotomous approach to the comparison between day and night workers. The present study uses a continuous approach and provides such a new perspective to the negative effects of night work load as a possible risk factor for undesirable health effects.MethodsThis cross sectional study (The SUrvey of Shift work, Sleep and Health (SUSSH)) uses data collected from December 2008 to March 2009. The study population consists of Norwegian nurses. The study collected information about demographic and lifestyle factors: Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption and exercise habits. The lifestyle parameters were evaluated using multiple hierarchical regression and binary logistic regression. Number of night shifts worked last year (NNL) was used as operationalization of night work load. Adjustment for possible confounders were made. Obesity was defined as BMI > 30. Alcohol Consumption was evaluated using the short form of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.ResultsWe had data from 2059 nurses. NNL was significantly and positively associated with BMI, both when evaluated against BMI as a continuous parameter (Beta = .055, p < .05), and against obesity (OR = 1.01, 95 % CI = 1.00-1.01). The AUDIT-C score was significantly and positively associated with hours worked per week (OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.05).ConclusionsWe found a positive significant association between night work load and BMI. This suggests that workers with a heavy night work load might need special attention and frequent health checks due to higher risk of undesirable health effects.

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Emergency medicine residents' use of psychostimulants and sedatives to aid in shift work

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence of and risk factors for poor sleep quality among residents in training in KSA

Prevalence of and risk factors for poor sleep quality among residents in training in KSA

Night shift preparation, performance, and perception: are there differences between emergency medicine nurses, residents, and faculty?

Associations between night work and BMI, alcohol, smoking, caffeine and exercise - a cross-sectional study

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