Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations for Selected Nonfatal Injuries Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years — United States, 2018

Moreland, Briana; Lee, Robin

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7018a1

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(17 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For overdose risk, however, another pattern emerged. Compared to the reference group of age 18–24, only the most elderly group (75+) was more likely to experience overdose, highlighting the elevated risk of injury or death in this population [ 39 ]. Men were more likely to experience overdose than women and White patients were more likely to overdose compared with Hispanic and Asian-Pacific Islander individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid-related overdose and chronic use following an initial prescription of hydrocodone versus oxycodone

Weiner

Hendricks²,

Ibrahimi

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Hydrocodone and oxycodone are prescribed commonly to treat pain. However, differences in risk of opioid-related adverse outcomes after an initial prescription are unknown. This study aims to determine the risk of opioid-related adverse events, defined as either chronic use or opioid overdose, following a first prescription of hydrocodone or oxycodone to opioid naïve patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of multiple linked public health datasets in the state of Oregon. Adult patients ages 18 and older who a) received an initial prescription for oxycodone or hydrocodone between 2015–2017 and b) had no opioid prescriptions or opioid-related hospitalizations or emergency department visits in the year preceding the prescription were followed through the end of 2018. First-year chronic opioid use was defined as ≥6 opioid prescriptions (including index) and average ≤30 days uncovered between prescriptions. Fatal or non-fatal opioid overdose was indicated from insurance claims, hospital discharge data or vital records. Results After index prescription, 2.8% (n = 14,458) of individuals developed chronic use and 0.3% (n = 1,480) experienced overdose. After adjustment for patient and index prescription characteristics, patients receiving oxycodone had lower odds of developing chronic use relative to patients receiving hydrocodone (adjusted odds ratio = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–1.00) but a higher risk of overdose (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.65, 95% CI 1.45–1.87). Oxycodone monotherapy appears to greatly increase the hazard of opioid overdose (aHR 2.18, 95% CI 1.86–2.57) compared with hydrocodone with acetaminophen. Oxycodone combined with acetaminophen also shows a significant increase (aHR 1.26, 95% CI 1.06–1.50), but not to the same extent. Conclusions Among previously opioid-naïve patients, the risk of developing chronic use was slightly higher with hydrocodone, whereas the risk of overdose was higher after oxycodone, in combination with acetaminophen or monotherapy. With a goal of reducing overdose-related deaths, hydrocodone may be the favorable agent.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid-related overdose and chronic use following an initial prescription of hydrocodone versus oxycodone

Weiner

Hendricks²,

Ibrahimi

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, a better understanding of the potential risk factors associated with HE/cognitive impairment in patients with cirrhosis will help improve care of these patients in the LTC setting. In the United States (2018 data), unintentional falls occurred in 2.2 million individuals aged ≥65 years, with >650,000 falls resulting in hospitalization ( Moreland & Lee, 2021 ). In an LTC setting (2015-2016 data), falls were reported in 21.5% and 16.1% of residents of care communities and nursing homes, respectively; a greater percentage of long-term nursing home residents experienced falls compared with short-term residents (19.1% vs. 13.5%; Harris-Kojetin et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment and Cirrhosis in Older Patients: A Systematic Review

Ohikere

Veracruz

Wong

2022

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prevalence of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in older patients receiving care in long-term care settings is unknown. This systematic review aimed to identify potential factors associated with HE and cognitive impairment in older patients with cirrhosis. A PubMed search of English-language articles published between January 1, 2000, and November 3, 2021, was conducted to identify studies in adults with cirrhosis relevant to cognitive impairment and/or HE (e.g., fall, frailty, and sarcopenia). Of 2,879 English-language publications, 24 were included. In patients with cirrhosis, falls were increased in the presence of HE and were associated with increased injury risk. Frailty was associated with HE development and cognitive impairment in patients with cirrhosis. Further, cognitive impairment and frailty were predictive of HE-related hospitalizations. Sarcopenia increased the risk of developing HE. Furthermore, specific medications increased the risk of developing HE. Risk reduction and management of patients with HE are critical to prevent negative outcomes.

show abstract

“…1 Significantly higher rate for non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native and non-Hispanic White people than all other race and Hispanic-origin groups, p < 0.05. 2 Significantly lower rate for non-Hispanic Asian people than all other race and Hispanic-origin groups, p < 0.05. 3 Significantly lower rate for non-Hispanic Black people than all other race and Hispanic-origin groups, p < 0.05.…”

Section: Rates Of Unintentional Fall Deaths Increased With Age For Al...mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Unintentional fall injuries occur most frequently among people in older age groups, with over 2 million fall events treated in emergency departments each year among adults aged 65 and over (1,2). A variety of factors contribute to the risk of falling, including difficulties in seeing, walking, and balance; disabilities; medication effects; and environmental walking obstacles, among other factors (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%