Emergency Department Evaluation after Conducted Energy Weapon Use: Review of the Literature for the Clinician

Vilke, Gary M.; Bozeman, William P.; Chan, Theodore C.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2010.10.019

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, extrapolation of these animal studies is problematic, and it is unclear how well these findings translate from animals to human populations. Numerous studies in healthy human volunteers have also examined the potential cardiac effects of CEW discharges (1,25). Using combined electrocardiographic and echocardiographic monitoring, these studies have not documented any unstable dysrhythmias in humans and have failed to reproduce the cardiac conduction effects found in animal models, even when discharges are intentionally produced in a transcardiac vector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcardiac Conducted Electrical Weapon (TASER) Probe Deployments: Incidence and Outcomes

Bozeman

Teacher

Winslow

2012

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CEWs function by delivering a series of very brief (125 ms) high-voltage, low-current electric pulses of 0.36 joules that result in pain, muscle contraction, and inhibition of voluntary movement (1)(2)(3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcardiac Conducted Electrical Weapon (TASER) Probe Deployments: Incidence and Outcomes

Bozeman

Teacher

Winslow

2012

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…Clinical studies have proved that the electrical impulse of the shots can also cause physiological and / or metabolic changes. Effect of an electrical pulse weapon on a human for 15 seconds changes the acid-base balance (metabolic acidosis) and increases creatine kinase, electrolytes, stress hormone levels (3,(11)(12)(13)31). Alcohol and heart disease works synergistically with electric discharge currents, increases risk of cardiac arrhythmias, Figure. Conducted electrical weapon "Taser X26C" ventricular tachycardia and / or ventricular fibrillation (31,44).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of conducted electrical weapons on the human body

Laima¹,

Fomin²,

Jasulaitis³

et al. 2014

AML

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Background and objective. Fatal accidents occur due to the effect of electric current on the human body. The most common reasons are invalid electrical installations or misuse of electrical devices, but rarely murder and suicide cases are possible. Recently, conducted electrical weapon handling cases which resulted in sudden death have been observed. In this article we have provided our findings about the effects of conducted electrical weapons on the heart muscle, with emphasis on the use of conducted electrical weapons by officials. Materials and methods. Lithuanian and foreign authors' findings about the effect of conducted electrical weapons on the heart muscle are analysed. Recommendations for the use of these weapons are made to the officials. The results are evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. Results. The working principle of this weapon is the effect on striated muscles. The muscles contract reacting to electric impulses, hence the affected person cannot struggle with the policeman. Although this weapon was created as a safe tool to suppress aggressive persons, new researches revealed its dangerous effect on the heart muscle that caused fatal arrhythmias. Conclusions. Stress on the body, systemic disease and the presence of chemicals in the body modify the body's response to electrical impulses that directly increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmia due to the developing of ventricular fibrillation and probability of sudden cardiac death. It is recommended to officials who use conducted electrical weapons that in the location of the event there should be qualified medical personnel (ambulance) able to provide the first aid in case of complications after the use of the weapon.

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“…56 62 63 Several literature reviews have cast doubt on the possibility of a delayed cardiac arrest from low power electrical stimulation. [64][65][66] There is a controversial example of a swine with an electrically-induced VT lasting 3 minutes which appears -at first blush -to contradict the human data that a sustained VT generally requires an infarct scar. 33 1.…”

Section: Asystole From Direct Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essentials of low-power electrocution: Established and speculated mechanisms

Kroll

Fish

Lakkireddy

et al. 2012

2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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-Even though electrocution has been recognizedand studied -for over a century, there remain several common misconceptions among medical professional as well as lay persons. This review focuses on "low-power" electrocutions rather than on the "high-power" electrocutions such as from lightning and power lines. Low-power electrocution induces ventricular fibrillation (VF). We review the 3 established mechanisms for electrocution: (1) shock on cardiac Twave, (2) direct induction of VF, and (3) long-term high-rate cardiac capture reducing the VF threshold until VF is induced. There are several electrocution myths addressed, including the concept -often taught in medical schoolthat direct current causes asystole instead of VF and that electrical exposure can lead to a delayed cardiac arrest by inducing a subclinical ventricular tachycardia (VT). Other misunderstandings are also discussed. 1

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Emergency Department Evaluation after Conducted Energy Weapon Use: Review of the Literature for the Clinician

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Transcardiac Conducted Electrical Weapon (TASER) Probe Deployments: Incidence and Outcomes

Transcardiac Conducted Electrical Weapon (TASER) Probe Deployments: Incidence and Outcomes

The effect of conducted electrical weapons on the human body

Essentials of low-power electrocution: Established and speculated mechanisms

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