Emergency Commitment—A Transcultural Study

Peszke, Michael Alfred; Wintrob, Ronald M.

doi:10.1176/ajp.131.1.36

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…6 Whereas this may be an attractive existential position, it evades the/aci of the law's involvement in mental health treatment. Clinicians are held accountable for their treatment, and the majority of mental health practitioners dp express a feeling of responsibility for a patient's suicide (Peszke & Weintrob, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of 470 questionnaires mailed, 202 were returned by 43% of potential respondents; but when further depleted by respondents not currently providing direct clinical services, 156 (33%) usable questionnaires remained. These response rates are considered adequate for mailed surveys of professional mental health populations (Peszke & Weintrob, 1974;Rachelson & Chance, 1980).…”

Section: Respondentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Demands for increased time and attention, as well as the threat of or actual suicidal behavior by the patient, provoke the therapist's anxiety and feelings of responsibility, guilt (Dorpat & Ripley, 1977;Motto, 1969;Rockwell & O'Brien, 1973), anger (Bloom, 1967;Tabachnick, 1961), and, therefore, aversion and rejection (Coyne, 1976). Moreover, should the patient actually complete suicide, the therapist is likely to feel responsible (Peszke & Weintrob, 1974), to conceptualize this outcome as evidence of the professional's incompetence and failure, and, thereby, to feel shame and self-contempt (cf. Kolodny, Binder, Bronstein, & Friend, 1979).…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide and malpractice: Expert testimony and the standard of care.

Berman¹,

Cohen-Sandler²

1983

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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Malpractice actions against mental health professionals-increasingly prevalent after suicidal deaths of patients-are plagued by such issues as what constitutes an acceptable level of care in suicide treatment and who is qualified as an expert witness to testify to the reasonableness ofdeviations from that standard. This survey uses a hypothetical patient to investigate the effects of both professional discipline and retrospective knowledge of suicidal outcome on evaluations of treatment. Questionnaires were mailed tc a random national sample of 470 psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and suicidologists; 156 questionnaires (33%) were returned as usable. Results indicated that neither knowledge of the suicidal outcome nor expertise in suicidology affected judgments of treatment; professions, however, did vary both in the level of care they accepted as standard and in their willingness to endorse malpractice suits. These differences are discussed in terms of implications for establishing standards for and maximizing the quality of care given to suicidal patients.^ Readers interested in an expanded review of the law and relevant cases with regard to civil liability for suicide can consult Knuth (1979) andSchwartz (1971).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respondentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide and malpractice: Expert testimony and the standard of care.

Berman¹,

Cohen-Sandler²

1983

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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“…Involuntary in-patient treatment 8 Peszke & Wintrob, 1974;Bonthuys, 2001;Crabtree, 2004;Gable et al, 2005;Arikan et al, 2007;Jacob, 2008;Moosa & Jeenah, 2008;Pinto, 2009 General review of ethical issues in a country / region 7 Alem, 2000;Levav & Gonzalez Uzcategui, 2000;Olatawura, 2000;Sharma, 2000;Ray, 2003;Gadit, 2008;Yasamy, 2008Electro-convulsive therapy 6 Andrade, 2003Rajkumar, Saravanan, Jacob, & Rajkumar, 2006;Segal & Thom, 2006;Arshad et al, 2007;Leung et al, 2009;Malekian, Amini, Maracy, & Barekatain, 2009 Injustices in care provision 6 Saraceno, 2000;Benatar et al, 2001;Ghodse, 2003;Pathare, 2003;Araya et al, 2009;Patel & Bloch, 2009 only 28% of Ethiopian psychiatrists, 33% of South African psychiatrists and 9% of Ethiopian psychiatric nurses correctly identified that one of the vignettes described a person without any definite mental disorder (Alem, Jacobsson, Lynoe, Kohn, & Kullgren, 2002;Szabo, Kohn, Gordon, Levav, & Hart, 2000). In India, practitioners recognize that time-constraints undermine their ability to make an accurate diagnosis, and compensate for this by bringing patients back for more regular follow-ups than would otherwise be needed (Wasan, Neufeld, & Jayaram, 2009).…”

Section: Main Focus Of Paper N Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical and professional challenges in mental health care in low- and middle-income countries

Hanlon

Tesfaye

Wondimagegn

et al. 2010

International Review of Psychiatry

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Mental health practitioners in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) face particular ethical and professional challenges in their day-to-day clinical practice. A systematic review of the published literature from all LAMICs identified 42 relevant articles. The majority of papers dealt with violations of individual autonomy, particularly in the context of involuntary admission, use of electro-convulsive therapy and the lack of information given to patients about prescribed psychotropic medications. However, the appropriateness of this focus on individual autonomy was challenged in settings where values emphasizing the interconnectedness of communities prevail and the family shoulder the burden for most mental health care. When access to the least restrictive, culturally relevant, evidence-based care is limited to the privileged few, caregivers may be forced to over-ride the individual autonomy of the patient in order to ensure receipt of effective treatment or protection of others. Enactment of modern mental health legislation in all LAMICs remains an essential goal to protect the rights of the mentally ill. In parallel with this, supporting calls for the scaling up of mental health care will do more to ensure the right to mental health care and ensure actual implementation of international ethical frameworks.

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“…Significant differences were observed between the high-scoring psychiatrists and nurses on one hand, and low-scoring social workers and psychologists on the other; attendants had no differences with either of the other grouping^.^^ Lack of rights information was also found in research by Peszke and Wintrob, and by Tancredi and Clark. 59 Laves and Cohen found that, despite their lack of much knowledge about patients' rights, all professionals had somewhat favorable attitudes towards those rights. 60 Kahle and Sales's findings for psychiatrists and psychologists were very similar.…”

Section: Ljpes Of Professional Advocacy and Problems Of Rights Implemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Right to Refuse Treatment and the Movement for Mental Health Reform

Brown¹

1984

Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law

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The right to refuse treatment is the most controversial of the rights of mental patients, and usually polarizes the movement for mental health reform between providers of care and external activist reformers. A broad alliance supported earlier struggles for recognition of patients' rights, but most professionals oppose recognizing this most extreme right of treatment refusal. Professional opposition to treatment refusal is not based on a wide extent of actual refusal; rather it derives from a defense against challenges to professional and institutional autonomy, an opposition to legal interference, and a belief that the community as well as the patient must be protected. These three reasons for opposition are examined by reviewing studies of attitudes toward patients' rights, knowledge about patients' rights, and implementation of patients' rights. Finally, the implications of these studies for future directions in the movement for patients' rights are examined.

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Emergency Commitment—A Transcultural Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Suicide and malpractice: Expert testimony and the standard of care.

Suicide and malpractice: Expert testimony and the standard of care.

Ethical and professional challenges in mental health care in low- and middle-income countries

The Right to Refuse Treatment and the Movement for Mental Health Reform

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