Emergency and Trauma of the Elbow

Bazzocchi, Alberto; Gómez, Maria Pilar Aparisi; Bartoloni, Alessandra; Guglielmi, Giuseppe

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1602415

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The fulcrum of flexion and extension movements is the humero-ulnar joint, whereas pronation and supination have their fulcrum at the radio-ulnar joint. The physiological range of motion of these movements is up to 140° for flexion–extension and up to 180° for supination-pronation [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography

et al. 2021

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The elbow is a complex joint whose biomechanical function is granted by the interplay and synergy of various anatomical structures. Articular stability is achieved by both static and dynamic constraints, which consist of osseous as well as soft-tissue components. Injuries determining instability frequently involve several of these structures. Therefore, accurate knowledge of regional anatomy and imaging findings is fundamental for a precise diagnosis and an appropriate clinical management of elbow instability. This review focuses particularly on the varied appearance of overuse-related elbow injuries at CT-arthrography.

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Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography

et al. 2021

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“…The first two joints function as a hinge, permitting flexion and extension; the last two joints accomplish the pivot motion of pronation and supination, and are functionally linked to the distal radioulnar joint and the wrist. The physiologic range of motion is 0 to 140° for flexion-extension movements and 0 to 180° for supination-pronation movements [5, 11].…”

Section: Normal Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A-MCL is the most important component of the ligamentous complex acting as the primary medial stabilizer of the elbow from 30° to 120° of flexion [22]. The P-MCL becomes a secondary stabilizer of the elbow when the joint is flexed beyond 90° [11].…”

Section: Ligamentous Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The elbow: review of anatomy and common collateral ligament complex pathology using MRI

et al. 2019

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The elbow is a complex joint whose stability is imparted by osseous and soft-tissue constraints. Anatomical and biomechanical knowledge of the supporting structures that provide stability to the medial and lateral elbow is essential to correctly interpret the pathological findings. Conventional MRI and MR arthrography are the imaging modalities of choice in the evaluation of elbow ligament injuries. Elbow instability can be classified according to timing (acute, chronic, or recurrent), the direction of displacement, the degree of displacement, and the articulations involved. This article reviews the MR imaging protocols recommended for each diagnosis and the normal anatomy and biomechanical aspects of the medial and lateral collateral ligament complex. We also present multiple cases of typical and atypical patterns of injury.

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“…O rthopedic surgeries often entail implantation of metallic hardware, e.g., open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) to treat fractures, joint replacement surgery, or the use of suture anchors to reinsert torn tendons. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Generally, conventional radiography is the primary modality to assess postoperative orthopedic patients; however, further diagnostic workup includes computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), depending on the clinical query. [7][8][9] In this context, the drawback with both modalities is the appearance of metal-induced artifacts, which can impede image evaluation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic and Advanced Metal-Artifact Reduction Techniques at Ultra-High Field 7-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Phantom Study Investigating Feasibility and Efficacy

et al. 2022

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of basic (increased receive bandwidth) and advanced (view-angle tilting [VAT] and slice-encoding for metal artifact correction [SEMAC]) techniques for metalartifact reduction in ultra-high field 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, we performed 7-T MRI of titanium alloy phantom models composed of a spinal pedicle screw (phantom 1) and an intervertebral cage (phantom 2) centered in a rectangular LEGO frame, embedded in deionized-water-gadolinium (0.1 mmol/L) solution. The following turbo spin-echo sequences were acquired: (1) nonoptimized standard sequence;(2) optimized, that is, increased receive bandwidth sequence (oBW); (3) VAT; (4) combination of oBW and VAT (oBW-VAT); and (5) SEMAC. Two fellowshiptrained musculoskeletal radiologists independently evaluated images regarding peri-implant signal void and geometric distortion (a, angle measurement and b, presence of circular shape loss). Statistics included Friedman test and Cochran Q test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. P values <0.05 were considered to represent statistical significance. Results: All metal-artifact reduction techniques reduced peri-implant signal voids and diminished geometric distortions, with oBW-VAT and SEMAC being most efficient. Compared with nonoptimized sequences, oBW-VAT and SEMAC produced significantly smaller peri-implant signal voids (all P ≤ 0.008) and significantly smaller distortion angles ( P ≤ 0.001). Only SEMAC could significantly reduce distortions of circular shapes in the peri-implant frame ( P ≤ 0.006). Notably, increasing the number of slice-encoding steps in SEMAC sequences did not lead to a significantly better metal-artifact reduction (all P ≥ 0.257). Conclusions: The use of basic and advanced methods for metal-artifact reduction at 7-T MRI is feasible and effective. Both a combination of increased receive bandwidth and VAT as well as SEMAC significantly reduce the peri-implant signal void and geometric distortion around metal implants.

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Emergency and Trauma of the Elbow

Cited by 13 publications

References 91 publications

Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography

Overuse-related instability of the elbow: the role of CT-arthrography

The elbow: review of anatomy and common collateral ligament complex pathology using MRI

Basic and Advanced Metal-Artifact Reduction Techniques at Ultra-High Field 7-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Phantom Study Investigating Feasibility and Efficacy

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