Emergence of unusual rotavirus G9P[4] and G8P[8] strains during post vaccination surveillance in Argentina, 2017–2018

Degiuseppe, Juan Ignacio; Stupka, Juan Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104940

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Also G9P[4] was increased (5–7% of characterised samples) during 2017–20 in many European countries (UK, Belgium, Denmark, Austria, Slovenia, Sweden) [ 17 ]. A similar increase of G9P[4] has been reported by non-European countries like Argentina during the post vaccination period [ 37 ]. According to EuroRotaNet’s data, countries like the UK that use the monovalent vaccine have reported decline of G1P[8] and shift to heterotypic P[4] types (G2P[4] and G9P[4]) during the post vaccination era.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Rotavirus epidemiology and genotype distribution in hospitalised children, Greece, 2008 to 2020: A prospective multicentre study

et al. 2022

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Background Two rotavirus (RV) vaccines were licensed in Greece in late 2006 and included in the national immunisation programme in 2012. Aim To study the epidemiology and genotype distribution of RV in children during the post-vaccination period and assess the impact of increased vaccination coverage. Methods In a prospective multicentre hospital-based study, hospitalised children (≤ 16 years) with an RV-positive faecal sample were recruited. Epidemiological and genotyping analyses were performed; periods of low (2008–12) and moderate (2012–20) RV vaccination coverage were compared. Statistical analysis was performed with a chi-squared or Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression. Results A total of 3,874 children (55.6% male; n = 2,153) with median age of 1.4 years (IQR: 0.5–3.3) were studied during 2008–20. Most RV-infected children were aged ≤ 3 years (72.2%) and hospitalised during December–May (69.1%). Common RV genotypes (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8], G12P[8]) were detected in 92.2% of samples; G-P combinations with prevalence above 1% were G4P[8] (44.1%), G1P[8] (25.4%), G2P[4] (14.9%), G9P[8] (3.5%), G12P[8] (2.2%), G3P[8] (2.1%), other (4.3%) and mixed (3.5%). Of all samples, 97.6% were homotypic or partially heterotypic to vaccines’ genotypes. With moderate vaccination coverage, the seasonal peak was detected earlier, children were older and partially or fully heterotypic genotypes were increased (p < 0.001). Conclusions In the era of moderate RV vaccination coverage in Greece, epidemiology of RV in hospitalised children seemed to change. However, most circulating genotypes remain homotypic or partially heterotypic to RV vaccines. Continuous epidemiological surveillance and genotyping are important to monitor possible changes arising from RV vaccines’ implementation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Rotavirus epidemiology and genotype distribution in hospitalised children, Greece, 2008 to 2020: A prospective multicentre study

et al. 2022

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“…In Argentina, G8-lineage V circulated sporadically in 2010, associated with the P[6] genotype in humans, as did lineage II, associated with P[1] and P[14] in animals. However, in 2018, the unusual association G8P[8] was detected with moderate frequency in symptomatic children in our country during post-vaccination surveillance, after a previous sporadic identification in 2016, linked to strains from Chile, all of them belonging to lineage IV [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…These additional strains (one from 2016, one from 2018 and three from 2019) were detected during a routine molecular surveillance on the rotavirus positive stool specimens of symptomatic children under 5 years of age. Stool samples were submitted to the hospital laboratories of the national network for conventional binary genotyping [ 11 ]. VP7 gene was amplified and further sequenced using the Beg9/End9 pair of primers [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography of Rotavirus G8P[8] Detected in Argentina: Evidence of Transpacific Dissemination

Degiuseppe

Torres

Mbayed

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of diarrhea in children. In 2018, G8P[8], an unusual association of genotypes, was detected with moderate frequency in symptomatic children in Argen-tina, unlike a previous sporadic identification in 2016. The aim of this study was to analyze the dissemination pattern of the G8P[8]-lineage IV strains detected in Argentina. Nucleotide sequences of the VP7 gene of Argentine G8P[8] strains (2016, 2018 and 2019) were studied by discrete phylodynamic analyses, together with other worldwide relevant G8-lineage IV strains. Bayes Factor (BF) was used to assess the strength of the epidemiological association between countries. Phylodynamic analyses determined an evolutionary rate of 3.7 × 10−3 (HDP95%: 1.4 × 10−3–8.2 × 10−3) substitutions/site/year. Likewise, the most recent common ancestor was 32.2 years old, dating back to 1986 (HDP95% = 1984–1988). The spatiotemporal dynamics analysis revealed South Korea as being the country of origin of the Argentine strains (posterior probability of the ancestral state: 0.8471), which was also evidenced by a significant rate of diffusion from South Korea to Argentina (BF: 55.1). The detection of G8 in South America in 2016–2017 was not related to the cases detected in 2018–2019, revealing a new G8 introduction to the region and supporting a transpacific dissemination.

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“…[9][10][11] RVA G8P [8] strains, which are commonly found in cattle, have been frequently detected in humans in the post-vaccination period in many countries, including Argentina, Chile, China, the Czech Republic, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Surveillance of RVA in Chiang Rai province of Thailand has continuously monitored the diversity and distribution of RVA since 2015 and reported the emergence of G9P [8] in 2015-2016 and the equine-like G3P [8] in 2016-2018. 3,4 The purpose of the present study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and characterization of RVA strains in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Rai, Thailand from 2018 to 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominance of novel DS-1-like G8P[8] rotavirus reassortant strains in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand

Chan-it

Chanta

Ushijima

2023

Preprint

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Rotavirus A (RVA) is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children. This study aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology of RVA children hospitalized with AGE in Chiang Rai, Thailand in 2018-2020 by RT-PCR. Of 302 samples, RVA was detected in 11.6% (35 samples): 11.3% (19/168) in 2018-2019 and 11.9% (16/134) in 2019-2020. Surprisingly, G8P[8] was detected as the predominant genotype at 68.4% in 2018-2019 and 81.2% in 2019-2020. In addition, other genotypes were also detected, including G1P[8] (15.8%), G2P[4] (5.3%), G3P[8] (10.5%) in 2018-2019 and G9P[8] (18.8%) in 2019-2020. Analysis of genomic constellation of G8P[8] strains, represented by RVA/Human-wt/ THA/5CR11/2019/G8P[8], revealed a DS-1-like genetic backbone: G8-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 gene showed that the DS-1-like G8P[8] strains clustered in a distinct sublineage A together with 13 G8P[8] strains reported from Thailand and China, and these sublineage A G8P[8] strains contained unique amino acid substitutions in two positions (A125S and N147D) on the VP7 antigenic epitopes. Homology modeling of the VP7 capsid protein confirmed that these two amino acid changes were located on the surface exposed area of the virion. Phylogenetic trees of the VP1, VP6, NSP2, NSP3, and NSP4 genes have demonstrated that DS-1-like G8P[8] strains in the present study and 51 DS-1-like G8P[8] reference strains published formerly clustered in separate lineages. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the emergence of novel DS-1-like G8P[8] strains that might have evolved genetically through reassortment events with locally or globally circulating genotypes.

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Emergence of unusual rotavirus G9P[4] and G8P[8] strains during post vaccination surveillance in Argentina, 2017–2018

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Rotavirus epidemiology and genotype distribution in hospitalised children, Greece, 2008 to 2020: A prospective multicentre study

Rotavirus epidemiology and genotype distribution in hospitalised children, Greece, 2008 to 2020: A prospective multicentre study

Phylogeography of Rotavirus G8P[8] Detected in Argentina: Evidence of Transpacific Dissemination

Predominance of novel DS-1-like G8P[8] rotavirus reassortant strains in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand

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