Emergence of the Asian 1 Genotype of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Viet Nam: In Vivo Fitness Advantage and Lineage Replacement in South-East Asia

Hang, Vu Thi Ty; Holmes, Edward C.; Duong, Veasna; Quy, Nguyen Thien; Hien, Tran Tinh; Quail, Michael A.; Churcher, Carol; Parkhill, Julian; Cardosa, Jane; Farrar, Jeremy; Wills, Bridget; Lennon, Niall J.; Birren, Bruce W.; Buchy, Philippe; Henn, Matthew R.; Simmons, Cameron P.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000757

Cited by 133 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our data are in agreement with recent reports that E1-226V mutant CHIKV strains grouped into the Central/East/South African genotype and DENV-2 strains grouped into the Cosmopolitan genotype were predominant epidemic strains circulating in Singapore in 2009 (7,19). As various genotypic strains may differ in epidemic potential and virulence, molecular epidemiological surveillance can provide valuable information in decision making regarding patient care, outbreak investigation, and control measures (2,4).…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

Chang

Shu

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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We report two cases of imported infection in patients who had returned to Taiwan from Singapore: one was coinfected with chikungunya virus and dengue virus type 2, and the other was infected with the same dengue virus. Both viruses were successfully isolated from the coinfected case by using antibody neutralization and a plaque purification technique.Dengue fever, caused by a flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae, is the most prevalent arboviral disease in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, the Pacific and Caribbean islands, and Central and South America (9). Chikungunya, caused by an alphavirus in the family Togaviridae, is endemic to Africa and Asia (12). Both diseases are transmitted to humans by day-biting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, and both diseases have similar clinical symptoms, including fever, rash, and joint pains as well as headache, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain; a laboratory test is required to distinguish between the two diseases. Thus, many risk factors for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) infections are the same or similar. The urban mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of both viruses throughout most of their geographic range, although Aedes albopictus was recently identified as the main vector of the recently emerged CHIKV E1-226V variant of the African genotype (17).The explosive epidemics of chikungunya in Indian Ocean islands and India since 2004 and the worldwide increase in travel have facilitated the expansion of different strains of CHIKV of the African genotype into overlap areas where DENV is endemic (13). As a result, cocirculation of CHIKV and DENV has been reported in various geographic areas, including India, Sri Lanka, Gabon, Cameroon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. Consequently, a few studies showing patients coinfected with CHIKV and DENV have been reported in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Gabon (1,5,8,11,14). Although molecular and serologic evidence demonstrated or suggested coinfections in the abovementioned reports, neither CHIKV nor DENV was isolated from these patients. Successful isolation of both viruses is needed to conduct basic and applied research on CHIKV and DENV biology, immunology, and pathogenesis, as well as the development of laboratory diagnosis, antiviral drugs, and vaccines.The first and only concurrent isolation of CHIKV and DENV-2, from a single blood specimen taken from a patient in the acute phase of a dengue-like illness in southern India in 1964, was reported by Myers and Carey (10). In their study, the dominance of CHIKV in the coinfected patient's serum, along with growth competition, prevented the initial isolation of DENV-2; isolation was finally accomplished through pretreatment of the acute-phase serum sample with a CHIKV-specific mouse antibody, followed by inoculation into infant mice for in vivo growth. Here we report only the second case confirmed by actual isolation of CHIKV and DENV-2, from a patient returned from Singapore, using an in vitro cell...

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

Chang

Shu

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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“…All these isolates were clustered under the Asian genotype 1. Similar findings observed in previous studies have shown that Asian genotype 1 was the predominant genotype in Vietnam in previous years (Vu et al, 2010). This proved that genotype distribution of DENV-2 remained stable in Vietnam for long time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In Thailand, the Asian/American genotype of Thai DENV-2 viruses, most likely co-circulated with the Asian genotype 1 for at least a decade prior to 1991, but then were replaced by the Asian 1 lineage from 1992 to 2006 (Lambrechts et al, 2012;Wittke et al, 2002). The same circumstance also occurred in Cambodia as only Asian genotype 1 virus has circulated since 2005 (Vu et al, 2010). This finding showed that Highlands's strains had shared the same genotype of DENV-2 in Laos, Thailand and Cambodia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Previous study showed that the Asian genotype 1 of DENV-2 had displaced the previously dominant American/Asian genotype as the predominant DENV-2 lineage in Southern Vietnam (1995Vietnam ( -2009 (Vu et al, 2010). Force of infection has been used widely to understand the intensity of disease transmission within a community (Ferguson, Donnelly, & Anderson, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of Dengue virus type 2 isolated in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

Van

Quan

et al. 2017

RBT

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Dengue fever is perhaps the most important viral re-emergent disease especially in tropical and sub-tropical countries, affecting about 50 million people around the world every year. In the Central Highlands regions of Vietnam, dengue fever still remains as a major public health issue. Although four viral serotypes have been currently identified, dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) was involved in the most important outbreaks during 2010-2012, especially, 2010 when the fatality rate highly increased. Detection of genotype of DENV-2 provided information on origin, distribution and genotype of the virus. In this study, DEN-2 isolated from dengue patients during the 2010-2012 epidemics was amplified and sequenced with E gene. The consensus sequences were aligned with reference E gene sequences of globally available Genbank. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using Neighbor-joining and Kimura 2-parameter model to construct phylogenetic tree. A total of 15 isolates (seven from 2010; one from 2011 and seven from 2012) were obtained from human serum samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Asian genotype 1 is currently circulating locally in Central Highlands region. Isolates of this genotype were closely related to viruses from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia. It indicated that these epidemics maybe imported into the Central Highlands region from South-East Asia neighbor countries. The study results would help in planning for prevention and control of dengue virus in Vietnam. Continuous monitoring of DENV genotypes is necessary to confirm the current findings and detect possible genotype shifts within the dengue viruses in the future. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (2): 819-826. Epub 2017 June 01.

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“…GIII was previously dominant, but surveillance data from the last 20 years, in the form of nucleotide sequences from collected isolates, have revealed a gradual replacement of GIII by GI such that the latter is now dominant or cocirculating with GIII in many JEV regions of endemicity and epidemicity (16)(17)(18)(19). In general, lineage replacement is a cause for concern as it can impact disease control measures, resulting in the irruption of new outbreaks (20,21). Thus, understanding the reasons behind the current genotype replacement event can yield valuable insight into the future control and eradication of JE diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Genotypes I and III in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Reveals Distinct Differences in Their Genetic and Host Diversity

Han

Adams

Chen

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the Asia-Pacific region. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), has been phylogenetically divided into five genotypes. Recent surveillance data indicate that genotype I (GI) is gradually replacing genotype III (GIII) as the dominant genotype. To investigate the mechanism behind the genotype shift and the potential consequences in terms of vaccine efficacy, human cases, and virus dissemination, we collected (i) all full-length and partial JEV molecular sequences and (ii) associated genotype and host information comprising a data set of 873 sequences. We then examined differences between the two genotypes at the genetic and epidemiological level by investigating amino acid mutations, positive selection, and host range.We found that although GI is dominant, it has fewer sites predicted to be under positive selection, a narrower host range, and significantly fewer human isolates. For the E protein, the sites under positive selection define a haplotype set for each genotype that shows striking differences in their composition and diversity, with GIII showing significantly more variety than GI. Our results suggest that GI has displaced GIII by achieving a replication cycle that is more efficient but is also more restricted in its host range. IMPORTANCEJapanese encephalitis is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the Asia-Pacific region. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), has been divided into five genotypes based on sequence similarity. Recent data indicate that genotype I (GI) is gradually replacing genotype III (GIII) as the dominant genotype. Understanding the reasons behind this shift and the potential consequences in terms of vaccine efficacy, human cases, and virus dissemination is important for controlling the spread of the virus and reducing human fatalities. We collected all available full-length and partial JEV molecular sequences and associated genotype and host information. We then examined differences between the two genotypes at the genetic and epidemiological levels by investigating amino acid mutations, positive selection, and host range. Our results suggest that GI has displaced GIII by achieving a replication cycle that is more efficient but more restricted in host range.

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Emergence of the Asian 1 Genotype of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Viet Nam: In Vivo Fitness Advantage and Lineage Replacement in South-East Asia

Cited by 133 publications

References 23 publications

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

Concurrent Isolation of Chikungunya Virus and Dengue Virus from a Patient with Coinfection Resulting from a Trip to Singapore

Phylogeny of Dengue virus type 2 isolated in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

Comparison of Genotypes I and III in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Reveals Distinct Differences in Their Genetic and Host Diversity

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