Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Induced by Dengue Viral Coinfections

Al‐Emran, Hassan M.; Rahman, Fazlur; Sarkar, Laxmi; Das, Prosanto Kumar; Provakar, Mondol; Yesmin, Suriya; Sultana, Pipasha; Ahammed, Toukir; Parvez, Rasel; Hasan, Md. Shazid; Sarkar, Shovon Lal; Rahman, M. Shaminur; Hossain, Anamica; Rahman, Mahmudur; Islam, Ovinu Kibria; Islam, Md. Tanvir; Nigar, Shireen; Akter, Selina; Alam, ASM Rubayet Ul; Rahman, Mohammad Mahfuzur; Jahid, Iqbal Kabir; Hossain, Md. Anwar

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4401701

Cited by 2 publications

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“…10 Interestingly, we have come across at least one publication that reports higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 mutations in dengue and COVID-19 coinfected samples compared to only COVID-19 samples, suggesting that DV immunity is augmenting SARS-CoV-2 evolution. 36…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidences support that dengue virus can impart broad‐spectrum immunity against betacoronaviruses in dengue endemic regions

Mallick,

Sukla,

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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COVID‐19 tended to be less aggressive in dengue endemic regions. Conversely, dengue cases plummeted in dengue endemic zones during the active years of the pandemic (2020–2021). We and others have demonstrated serological cross‐reactivity between these two viruses of different families. We further demonstrated that COVID‐19 serum samples that were cross‐reactive in dengue virus (DV) serological tests, “cross‐neutralized” all DV serotypes in Huh7 cells. Here we showed by co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging that severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐coronavirus (CoV)‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike (S) protein subunit S1 and S2 monoclonal antibodies can indeed, bind to DV particles. Likewise, DV envelope antibodies (DV E Abs) showed high docking frequency with other human pathogenic beta‐CoVs and murine hepatitis virus‐1 (MHV‐1). SARS‐CoV‐2 Ab didn't show docking or Co‐IP with MHV‐1 supporting poor cross‐protection among CoVs. DV E Abs showed binding to MHV‐1 (AFM, Co‐IP, and immunofluorescence) and prepandemic dengue patients' serum samples even “cross‐neutralized” MHV‐1 plaques in cell culture. Furthermore, dengue serum samples showed marked inhibition potential in a surrogate virus‐based competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, used for determining neutralizing Abs against SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein receptor‐binding domain in COVID‐19 serum samples. We therefore, provide multiple evidence as to why CoVs are epidemiologically less prevalent in highly dengue endemic regions globally.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidences support that dengue virus can impart broad‐spectrum immunity against betacoronaviruses in dengue endemic regions

Mallick,

Sukla,

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Are Induced by Coinfections With Dengue

Al-Emran,

Rahman,

Sarkar

et al. 2024

Bioinform Biol Insights

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in late 2019 has accumulated a series of point mutations and evolved into several variants of concern (VOCs), some of which are more transmissible and potentially more severe than the original strain. The most notable VOCs are Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, which have spread to various parts of the world. This study conducted surveillance in Jashore, Bangladesh to identify the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 coinfected with dengue virus and their genomic effect on the emergence of VOCs. A hospital-based COVID-19 surveillance from June to August, 2021 identified 9 453 positive patients in the surveillance area. The study enrolled 572 randomly selected COVID-19-positive patients, of which 11 (2%) had dengue viral coinfection. Whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed and compared between coinfection positive and negative group. In addition, we extracted 185 genome sequences from GISAID to investigate the cross-correlation function between SARS-CoV-2 mutations and VOC; multiple ARIMAX(p,d,q) models were developed to estimate the average number of amino acid (aa) substitution among different SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. The results of the study showed that the coinfection group had an average of 30.6 (±1.7) aa substitutions in SARS-CoV-2, whereas the dengue-negative COVID-19 group had that average of 25.6 (±1.8; P < .01). The coinfection group showed a significant difference of aa substitutions in open reading frame (ORF) and N-protein when compared to dengue-negative group ( P = .03). Our ARIMAX models estimated that the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta required additional 9 to 12 aa substitutions than Alpha, Beta, or Gamma variant. The emergence of Omicron accumulated additional 19 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.74, 21.95) aa substitution than Delta. Increased number of point mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genome identified from coinfected cases could be due to the compromised immune function of host and induced adaptability of pathogens during coinfections. As a result, new variants might be emerged when series of coinfection events occur during concurrent two epidemics.

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Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Induced by Dengue Viral Coinfections

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Evidences support that dengue virus can impart broad‐spectrum immunity against betacoronaviruses in dengue endemic regions

Evidences support that dengue virus can impart broad‐spectrum immunity against betacoronaviruses in dengue endemic regions

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Are Induced by Coinfections With Dengue

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