Emergence of penicillin-macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes among pet animals: An ongoing public health threat

Samir, Ahmed; Abdel-Moein, Khaled A.; Zaher, Hala M.

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101390

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The limits of detection and quantification of each antibiotic are featured in Table 2. The four antibiotics investigated in this research work were selected according to their potential risk for the environment and reported occurrence [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. All of them are representative human-use and veterinary-use antibiotics belonging to the main antibiotic groups.…”

Section: Antibiotic Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Removal of Antibiotics Detected in Wastewaters in the POCTEFA Territory: Occurrence and TiO2 Photocatalytic Pilot-Scale Plant Performance

Moles¹,

Mosteo²,

Gómez

et al. 2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research aims to assess the presence of four antibiotic compounds detected in the influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the POCTEFA territory (north of Spain and south of France) during the period of 2018–2019, and to relate the removal of antibiotic compounds with the processes used in the WWTPs. The performance of a photocatalytic TiO2/UV-VIS pilot-scale plant was then evaluated for the degradation of selected antibiotics previously detected in urban treated effluent. The main results reflect that azithromycin had the highest mass loadings (11.3 g/day per 1000 inhabitants) in the influent of one of the selected WWTPs. The results also show considerable differences in the extent of antibiotics removal in WWTPs ranging from 100% for sulfadiazine to practically 0% for trimethoprim. Finally, the photocatalytic TiO2/UV-VIS pilot-scale plant achieved the removal of the four antibiotics after 240 min of treatment from 78%–80% for trimethoprim and enrofloxacin, up to 100% for amoxicillin, sulfadiazine and azithromycin. The catalyst recovery via mechanical coagulation–flocculation–decantation was almost total. The Ti concentration in the effluent of the TiO2/UV-VIS pilot-scale plant was lower than 0.1% (w/w), and its release into the environment was subsequently minimized.

show abstract

Section: Antibiotic Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Removal of Antibiotics Detected in Wastewaters in the POCTEFA Territory: Occurrence and TiO2 Photocatalytic Pilot-Scale Plant Performance

Moles¹,

Mosteo²,

Gómez

et al. 2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Animals have become a new source of S. pyogenes, alongside human-derived S. pyogenes which can indeed also colonize and infect animals [13]. S. pyogenes also has the potential to trigger respiratory illness in pets [14]. Nasal and oral swabs from dogs and cats carried penicillinmacrolide-resistant S. pyogenes, which concurrently infects humans with a wide spectrum of serious conditions ranging from oral infections such as tonsillitis, respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis and leads to severe life-threatening illnesses such as endocarditis, pneumonia and encephalitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antimicrobials Promote the Anti-Oxidative Inhibition of COX-2 Mediated Inflammatory Response in Primary Oral Cells Infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis

Butucel

Balta²,

Bunduruș³

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis can colonize the tooth root canals, adhere to dentin walls, and frequently cause periodontitis in dogs. Bacterial periodontal diseases are common in domesticated pets, causing severe oral cavity inflammation and a strong immune response. This study investigates the antioxidant effect of a natural antimicrobial mixture (Auraguard—Ag) on the ability of S. aureus, S. pyogenes and E. faecalis to infect primary canine oral epithelial cells as well as its impact on their virulence factors. Our data show that a concentration of 0.25% Ag is sufficient to inhibit the growth of all three pathogens, whereas a concentration of 0.5% will become bactericidal. The sub-inhibitory concentration of 0.125% Ag reveals that the antimicrobial mixture can significantly reduce biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide production. The impact on these virulence factors was further translated into a significantly reduced ability to infect primary canine oral epithelial cells and restore epithelial tight junctions, with no impact on the epithelial cell viability. The post-infection inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8) and the COX-2 mediator were also reduced both in mRNA and protein expression levels. The oxidative burst, detected upon infection, was also decreased in the presence of Ag, as our results show a significant decrease in H2O2 released by the infected cells. We show that inhibition of either NADPH or ERK activity will result in a downregulation of COX-2 expression and lower levels of H2O2 in infected cells. Conclusively, our study shows that natural antimicrobials reduce pro-inflammatory events, post infection, through an antioxidative mechanism that involves the downregulation of the COX-2 mediator via the inactivation of ERK in the absence of H2O2. As a result, they significantly reduce the risk of secondary bacterial infections and host oxidative stress caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis accumulation in biofilms in an in vitro canine oral infection model.

show abstract

“…The authors commented that this situation posed a risk of bacterial transmission to humans through children that are in close contact with animals. [27] In another study, Vannice et al showed the effect of pbp2x point mutation reducing sensitivity to penicillin in a case series of two patients. [28] In our study, resistance genes were found at various expression levels in five patients in a sample of 51 patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of streptococci in samples taken from the throat cultures of children in Turkey and the presence of mef(A), mef(E), erm(B) and erm(TR) genes in patients withStreptococcus pyogenes

Balkan

Bozkurt

Öziç

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective:Failure to achieve success with penicillin treatment in some cases observed in the pediatric group and the decrease in macrolide activity have brought about the necessity of a new study aiming to differentiate bacteria at the species level in throat infections. Antibiotic resistance studies are of great importance for the treatment of bacterial infections in terms of public health and rational antibiotic use. For this purpose, we aimed to perform a species-level differentiation of streptococci isolated from the throat cultures of pediatric patients presenting to our hospital, to determine their antibiotic susceptibility, and to identify the macrolide resistance genes of mef(A), mef(E), erm(B) and erm(TR) in patients with Streptococcus pyogenes. The study included 51 samples taken from pediatric cases presenting with a sore throat as the patient group and 36 samples from children without this complaint as the control group. Material and Method: The throat culture samples taken from 51 children presenting to the hospital with the complaint of sore throat were evaluated in the laboratory, and streptococcus was diagnosed using tests; gram staining, catalase and PYR, and the susceptibility profile was determined with the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method. Bacteria were identified at the species level according to 16srRNA sequences, and possible macrolide resistance genes of mef(A), mef(E), erm(B) and erm(TR) were determined by PCR in species detected to have S. pyogenes. Results: Our antibiotic susceptibility results were consistent with the general results reported in Turkey. The sequence analysis of bacteria was performed according to 16srRNA sequences, and S. pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae were isolated. In patients with S. pyogenes, the genetic determinants of macrolide resistance, mef(A), mef(E), erm(B) and erm(TR), were investigated with the PCR method using primers specific to each gene. Different levels of expression were observed in five patients. Macrolide resistance in S. pyogenes, which is reported at various percentages in the world, was found to be 9.8% in our study. Discussion: The results of our study show that penicillin resistance genes were found in five of the patients evaluated. When the anamnesis of these patients was examined, it was determined that there were patients that frequently presented to the hospital with throat infections and experienced re-infection within a few weeks after receiving treatment. The common discourse of clinicians is that there may be an unknown resistance development. Therefore, our research should be supported by new hypotheses and studies that are open to development.

show abstract

Emergence of penicillin-macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes among pet animals: An ongoing public health threat

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Towards the Removal of Antibiotics Detected in Wastewaters in the POCTEFA Territory: Occurrence and TiO2 Photocatalytic Pilot-Scale Plant Performance

Towards the Removal of Antibiotics Detected in Wastewaters in the POCTEFA Territory: Occurrence and TiO2 Photocatalytic Pilot-Scale Plant Performance

Natural Antimicrobials Promote the Anti-Oxidative Inhibition of COX-2 Mediated Inflammatory Response in Primary Oral Cells Infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis

Phylogenetic analysis of streptococci in samples taken from the throat cultures of children in Turkey and the presence of mef(A), mef(E), erm(B) and erm(TR) genes in patients withStreptococcus pyogenes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About