Emergence of Omentin as a Pleiotropic Adipocytokine

Abstract

"Less is more" - this is becoming the global quote on event of alarming rise in the prevalence of obesity among all age groups. The perspective of adipose tissue as merely a fat depot has changed in recent times. Focus is now being laid on the metabolic and inflammatory functions of the adipose tissue which is modulated through adipocytokines. Adipocytokines have been found to control insulin sensitivity, inflammatory activity, neuroendocrine activity, cardiovascular function, food and water intake, breeding, and bone metabolism. Few of these adipokines play a role in the positive metabolism promoting good health, while few of them pose adverse effects. Omentin is a recently identified novel adipocytokine and it falls under the category of being a good adipokine. Plasma omentin-1 levels are significantly decreased in patients with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes that contribute to the major components of the metabolic syndrome and other disease conditions like atherosclerosis, autoimmune disorders etc and that the review focuses on the comprehensive effects of omentin on all the major systems of the body.

Circulating Omentin as a Novel Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Risk: Data from the EPIC–Potsdam Cohort Study

“…Omentin-also known as intelectin-1 or intestinal lactoferrin receptor ITLN1-is a novel 34-kDa protein described to exert metabolic, inflammatory, and immune-related properties, which thereby could be implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (1)(2)(3)(4). There are two genes, omentin-1 and omentin-2, that are adjacent to each other on chromosome 1q band 23 and that share 83% of amino acid sequences, (5); however, omentin-1 is the major circulating isoform in human plasma.…”

Ocena związku między omentyną-1 a markerami metabolizmu kostnego i cytokinami systemu RANKL/RANK/OPG u dziewcząt z jadłowstrętem psychicznym

“…High BMI is known to be a protecting factor against excessive bone loss in aging, and higher BMI is associated with a slower rate of bone loss [32]. Omentin-1 level decrease in obese patients and increase after weight loss; these changes are positively correlated with adiponectin and negatively correlated with BMI and leptin [13][14][15][16][18][19][20]. In patients with AN, an increase in serum omentin-1 levels was shown compared to healthy controls, correlating negatively with body weight and BMI [17,20].…”

“…Since Wang et al [11] found that body weight, BMI, and lean mass might modulate the effect of omentin-1 on bone metabolism in premenopausal women, a few researchers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] have undertaken investigations into the relationship between omentin-1 and the determinants of the nutritional status and/or bone metabolism and BMD in individuals with eating disorders. Obese individuals exhibited a decrease in omentin-1 level compared to those with normal weight [13][14][15][16][18][19][20], while in AN patients an increase in serum omentin-1 level was shown [17,20].…”

“…Obese individuals exhibited a decrease in omentin-1 level compared to those with normal weight [13][14][15][16][18][19][20], while in AN patients an increase in serum omentin-1 level was shown [17,20]. Changes in omentin-1 level were negatively and significantly correlated with body weight and BMI both in obese [13][14][15][16]20] and in AN patients [17,20].…”

Оментин-1 У Хворих На Цукровий Дiабет 2 Типу: Зв'язок З Атерогенезом

“…Таким чином, доведенi останнiм ча-сом плейотропнi властивостi оментину-1 [32] з урахуванням його нормальних рiвнiв у об-стежених хворих на ЦД2 з надлишковою масою тiла або ожирiнням та рiзною обтяже-нiстю судинними ускладненнями на тлi ви-явлених кореляцiйних зв'язкiв з прозапаль-ними (вiд'ємний) та проатерогенними (пря-мий) складовими кардiоваскулярного ризи-ку дозволяють припустити компенсаторний характер впливу цього адипокiну на роз-виток та прогресування кардiоваскулярної хвороби за умов ЦД2. Отриманi нами ре-зультати узгоджуються з нещодавно вису-нутою концепцiєю кластерного, тобто не по-одинцi, використання адипокiнiв в дiагно-стицi, а також для монiторiнгу успiшностi лiкування ожирiння та асоцiйованих хвороб за включенням кардiоваскулярних ускла-днень [19].…”