Emergence of Non-Abelian Magnetic Monopoles in a Quantum Impurity Problem

Abstract

Recently it was shown that molecules rotating in superfluid helium can be described in terms of the angulon quasiparticles [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 095301 (2017)]. Here we demonstrate that in the experimentally realized regime the angulon can be seen as a point charge on a 2-sphere interacting with a gauge field of a non-abelian magnetic monopole. Unlike in several other settings, the gauge fields of the angulon problem emerge in the real coordinate space, as opposed to the momentum space or some effective parameter space. Furthermore, we find a topological transition associated with making the monopole abelian, which takes place in the vicinity of the previously reported angulon instabilities. These results pave the way for studying topological phenomena in experiments on molecules trapped in superfluid helium nanodroplets, as well as on other realizations of orbital impurity problems.In Maxwell's unification of electricity and magnetism, there was one piece missing that would make the electric and magnetic forces perfectly symmetric with respect to each otherthe magnetic monopoles. As demonstrated by Dirac [1], the existence of a single magnetic monopole would explain quantisation of electric charge everywhere in the Universe. Since Dirac's work, the existence of magnetic monopoles -as real elementary particles or effective quasiparticles -has preoccupied physicists working in several different fields. In high-energy physics, 't Hooft [2] and Polyakov [3] demonstrated the existence of non-abelian magnetic monopoles in the context of the unification of the fundamental interactions [4]. Despite the lack of experimental evidence for elementary monopoles in nature [5], collective phenomena exhibiting the behavior of magnetic monopoles have been predicted to emerge in condensed matter systems [6][7][8][9][10], and subsequently observed in experiment [11][12][13][14].As shown by Berry [15], magnetic monopoles can also emerge in an external parameter space of a simple quantum mechanical problem [16,17]. Moreover, the parameter space can be further generalized to coordinates of a particle interacting with another particle [18][19][20]. For example, Moody et al. [18] showed that the effective Hamiltonian describing nuclear rotation of a diatomic molecule can be rewritten as that of a charged particle interacting with a gauge field of a magnetic monopole. In follow-up studies the emerging gauge fields have been studied in various contexts, from different types of atomic problems [21][22][23][24] to spinor Bose-Fermi mixtures [25], to the fractional quantum Hall effect [26], to Bose-Einstein Condensates [8][9][10]. Finally, emergence of monopole-like gauge fields represents an important tool for computing topological invariants of quantum systems using Chern numbers [27], and thereby classifying the topology of the problem [8,[28][29][30][31]. Such a topological classification of quantum states is particularly relevant in the context of current research on topological states of matter [32][33][34][35][36][37].In this Lette...

Fingerprints of angulon instabilities in the spectra of matrix-isolated molecules

“…This paves the way to studying the decay of angulon quasiparticles and other microscopic mechanisms of the angular momentum transfer in experiments on quantum liquids, with possible applications to phonon quantum electrodynamics [99]. Furthermore, the angulon instabilities have been predicted to lead to anomalous screening of quantum impurities [20] as well as to the emergence of nonabelian magnetic monopoles [100], which opens the door for the study of exotic physical phenomena in helium droplet experiments. Future measurements on isotopologues, such as CD 3 or ND 3 , would allow the variation of the molecular rotational constants without altering the molecule-helium interactions, thereby providing an additional test of the model.…”

Quantum impurity model for anyons

“…(24), which describes the lowest levels of the impurity problem (18) in the limit of ω → ∞, can also serve as a new platform for studying the original N-anyon problem without the presence of the interaction potential W. Namely, instead of Eq. 17, if we define (31) with the same ω and λ as in the previous case, the emergent gauge field is given by Eq. (9).…”

“…[29]. Here our main motivation is to define a physical Hamiltonian for a bipartite system such that the statistics gauge field emerges as a consequence of the interaction between the two subsystems [30,31]. In particular, due to its experimental feasibility, we consider a quantum impurity model.…”

Theory of a superluminous vacuum quanta as the fabric of Space

“…2,[19][20][21][22][23] These studies show that monopoles' physics had mechanics like the fluid system's hydro dynamical vortex systems Searches for monopoles, with scientists all over the world, consisted of two categories experimentally typically: (1) detecting preexisting monopoles, (2) creating and detecting then new monopoles. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Mathematical techniques explored here to solve eigen value problem might set a precedence to abstract who listic observational physics with mathematical preciseness, applicable further to provable generalized quantum relativistic grand formalism. In this paper, Helmholtz decomposition fields are only considered to come up with general formalism, especially since research experimentation measurements with Ferrolens observational results have shown that magnetism is exclusively a dipole phenomenon, which in contrast to eclecticism, hence cannot be mono pole.…”