Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe
            <sub>3</sub>
            GeTe
            <sub>2</sub>

Zhang, Yun; Lu, Haiyan; Zhu, Xiegang; Tan, Shanjun; Feng, Wei; Liu, Qin; Zhang, Wen; Chen, Qiuyun; Liu, Yi; Luo, Xuebing; Xie, Dong; Luo, Lijie; Zhang, Zhengjun; Lai, Xinchun

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao6791

Cited by 184 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…So far, various spintronic devices have been fabricated on the basis of these materials (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). vdW ferromagnetic metal FGT has been studied for many years (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). Only very recently, it was realized that nanoflake vdW FGT is a promising vdW ferromagnetic metal for spintronics with a near-square-shaped hys-teresis loop, large coercivity, and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (16), making it a perfect vdW ferromagnetic metal for spintronic devices (9) and fundamental spintronic research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

et al. 2019

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With no requirements for lattice matching, van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic materials are rapidly establishing themselves as effective building blocks for next-generation spintronic devices. We report a hitherto rarely seen antisymmetric magnetoresistance (MR) effect in vdW heterostructured Fe3GeTe2 (FGT)/graphite/FGT devices. Unlike conventional giant MR (GMR), which is characterized by two resistance states, the MR in these vdW heterostructures features distinct high-, intermediate-, and low-resistance states. This unique characteristic is suggestive of underlying physical mechanisms that differ from those observed before. After theoretical calculations, the three-resistance behavior was attributed to a spin momentum locking induced spin-polarized current at the graphite/FGT interface. Our work reveals that ferromagnetic heterostructures assembled from vdW materials can exhibit substantially different properties to those exhibited by similar heterostructures grown in vacuum. Hence, it highlights the potential for new physics and new spintronic applications to be discovered using vdW heterostructures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

et al. 2019

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“…In early studies, HF behaviour was mostly found in f-electron systems in which strongly localized fand itinerant spdhybridized orbitals coexist and pair to form Kondo-singlets 2 . Recently, unexpected HF states have been discovered in moderately localized 3d-electron systems such as CaCu 3 Ir 4 O 12 , AFe 2 As 2 (A=K, Rb, Cs), and Fe 3 GeTe 2 [3][4][5] , providing a strong impetus to search for possible Kondo-pairing even in less localized 4d/5d-electron systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Kondo hybridization with an orbital-selective Mott phase in 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4

Kim¹,

Kwon²,

Kim³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The heavy fermion state with Kondo-hybridization (KH), usually manifested in f-electron systems with lanthanide or actinide elements, was recently discovered in several 3d transition metal compounds without f-electrons. However, KH has not yet been observed in 4d/5d transition metal compounds, since more extended 4d/5d orbitals do not usually form flat bands that supply localized electrons appropriate for Kondo pairing. Here, we report a doping- and temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission study on 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4, which shows the signature of KH. We observed a spectral weight transfer in the γ-band, reminiscent of an orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP). The Mott localized γ-band induces the KH with an itinerant β-band, resulting in spectral weight suppression around the Fermi level. Our work is the first to demonstrate the evolution of the OSMP with possible KH among 4d electrons, and thereby expands the material boundary of Kondo physics to 4d multi-orbital systems.

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“…11 Fe 3 GeTe 2 surfaces exhibit a range of magnetic domain patterns (e.g., wavy-stripe-, spike-like-, and bubble-like patterns) caused by different mechanisms such as domain branching near the sample surface, 12 a possible transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling, 13 magnetic tip-induced domain structures, 14 etc. Anomalous Hall effect 15,16 and Kondo effect 17 measurements suggest a similar behavior of Fe 3 GeTe 2 to ferromagnetic ultrathin films, making it a promising candidate for spintronic applications. Given that vdW materials consist of weakly bonded 2D layers and that magnetic anisotropy could establish magnetic long-range order in a 2D Heisenberg system, 18,19 all experimental results on Fe 3 GeTe 2 suggest the likelihood that anisotropy is the primary driving force for stabilizing magnetic long-range order in 2D Fe 3 GeTe 2 atomic planes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Patterning-Induced Ferromagnetism of Fe₃GeTe₂ van der Waals Materials beyond Room Temperature

Yang

Gong³

et al. 2018

Nano Lett.

199

166

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Magnetic van der Waals (vdW) materials have emerged as promising candidates for spintronics applications, especially after the recent discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in monolayer vdW materials. There has been a critical need for tunable ferromagnetic vdW materials beyond room temperature. Here, we report a real-space imaging study of itinerant ferromagnet FeGeTe and the enhancement of its Curie temperature well above ambient temperature. We find that the magnetic long-range order in FeGeTe is characterized by an unconventional out-of-plane stripe-domain phase. In FeGeTe microstructures patterned by a focused ion beam, the out-of-plane stripe domain phase undergoes a surprising transition at 230 K to an in-plane vortex phase that persists beyond room temperature. The discovery of tunable ferromagnetism in FeGeTe materials opens up vast opportunities for utilizing vdW magnets in room-temperature spintronics devices.

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Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe ₃ GeTe ₂

Abstract: Ferromagnetism and the Kondo effect are crucial for 3d electrons to become spin-separated and heavy at the same time.

Cited by 184 publications

References 67 publications

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

Observation of Kondo hybridization with an orbital-selective Mott phase in 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4

Patterning-Induced Ferromagnetism of Fe₃GeTe₂ van der Waals Materials beyond Room Temperature

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Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe 3 GeTe 2

Abstract: Ferromagnetism and the Kondo effect are crucial for 3d electrons to become spin-separated and heavy at the same time.

Cited by 184 publications

References 67 publications

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe 3 GeTe 2 /graphite/Fe 3 GeTe 2 trilayer heterostructures

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe 3 GeTe 2 /graphite/Fe 3 GeTe 2 trilayer heterostructures

Observation of Kondo hybridization with an orbital-selective Mott phase in 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4

Patterning-Induced Ferromagnetism of Fe3GeTe2 van der Waals Materials beyond Room Temperature

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Emergence of Kondo lattice behavior in a van der Waals itinerant ferromagnet, Fe ₃ GeTe ₂

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in van der Waals Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ /graphite/Fe ₃ GeTe ₂ trilayer heterostructures

Patterning-Induced Ferromagnetism of Fe₃GeTe₂ van der Waals Materials beyond Room Temperature