Emergence of <i>Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Stellaria media</i> of different origins under different climatic conditions

Grundy, A. C.; Peters, N. C. B.; Rasmussen, Ilse A.; Hartmann, K.; Sattin, M.; Andersson, Lars; Mead, Andrew; Murdoch, A. J.; Forcella, Frank

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3180.2003.00330.x

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Seasonal field emergence cycles of C. album were similar at both locations during all experimental years (Figure 1). Similar seasonal cycles of field emergence for C. album were observed also by Roberts and Neilson (1980) and Grundy (2002).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Seasonal emergence of selected summer annual weed species in dependence on soil temperature

Jursík¹,

Holec²,

Soukup³

et al. 2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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This study aimed to describe emergence cycles of selected weed species under Central European conditions in relation to cumulative soil temperatures from the start of the vegetation season. Emergence of Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga ciliata, and Abutilon theophrasti was observed from March to October during the period 2001-2006 at two locations. The beginning of main field emergence was determined as the day when the sum of effective hour temperatures was achieved, and was detected from the second decade of April to early May for C. album, in the second decade of May for E. crus-galli, from late April to the beginning of May for G. ciliata, and from the end of April to mid-May for A. theophrasti. The relationship between cumulative soil surface layer temperature and weed mass field emergence at the beginning of the growing season is very direct (differences ± 7 days) -but only when soil moisture is sufficient. In a drier spring, the beginning of mass field emergence occurs with 1-4 weeks of delay and field emergence is usually slower and protracted.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Seasonal emergence of selected summer annual weed species in dependence on soil temperature

Jursík¹,

Holec²,

Soukup³

et al. 2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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“…Weeds should be starting germination in order to move pre-emerged weeds so called 'white threads' in pre-emergence (Rasmussen and Svenningsen, 1995) and probably this did not happen in the experiments, as soil moisture was low. Another negative aspect of pre-emergence harrowing is the risk of breaking dormancy (Grundy et al, 2003) as the soil is refined again, but this is an issue that has not been covered in the current study.…”

Section: Harrowing Momentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Weed harrowing in winter cereal under semi-arid conditions

Sanclemente

Ranzenberger

Aibar

et al. 2008

Span. j. agric. res.

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Five field experiments on barley and wheat have been carried out in North-Eastern Spain on the same field during the cropping seasons 1999-00 to 2003-04 to compare the effect of different harrowing adjustments on weed control, weed biomass and cereal yield. The variables considered were harrowing timing (pre-or early post-emergence), one or two passes, travelling direction, harrowing depth and speed compared with an untreated control and herbicide. Excepting year 2001, with very little weed emergence, mechanical control as a whole caused a significant weed plant reduction compared to the untreated plots in all years. No influence of harrowing depth and travelling speed and of pre-emergence harrowing were found in the trials. A single harrowing treatment conducted across the sowing direction gave the same or less control compared to harrowing along the sowing direction. Two harrowing passes achieved a higher efficacy than one single pass and little differences were detected if the second pass was conducted the same day, across the sowing direction or 15 days later. Despite herbicide had generally a higher efficacy than the harrowing treatments, in three out of five years it was found a mechanical control with the same control than herbicide. The effect of the different treatments on weed biomass was lower than on weed number and no significant differences were found for grain yield. Considering that an herbicide treatment in the present conditions is three times more expensive than harrowing, a single post-emergence harrowing can be considered a valid option for low and medium-infested cereal fields.Additional key words: barley, durum wheat, flex-tine harrow, mechanical weed control. Resumen Control mecánico de malas hierbas en cereal de invierno en condiciones semiáridasEn este trabajo se muestran los resultados de cinco experimentos de campo localizados en el noreste de España desde 1999-00 hasta 2003-04. En ellos se comparó el efecto de distintas formas de control mecánico de la flora arvense con grada de varillas flexibles sobre la densidad y biomasa de la misma y sobre la producción de cereal comparado con un control sin tratar y el uso de herbicidas. Las variables consideradas fueron: momento y número de pases de grada, profundidad, dirección y velocidad de los pases. Excepto en 2001, con una baja infestación, el control mecánico redujo la densidad de arvenses en comparación con las parcelas sin tratar. La profundidad y la velocidad de la labor no tuvieron influencia clara y realizar el pase en preemergencia del cereal resultó ineficaz probablemente debido a la falta de humedad. Dos pases resultaron más eficaces que uno y se encontraron pocas diferencias si el segundo se hacía en el mismo día, perpendicular o 15 días después. Aunque el herbicida tuvo generalmente mayor eficacia que los tratamientos mecánicos, en tres años se encontró un tratamiento mecánico con eficacia similar. El efecto de los distintos tratamientos sobre la biomasa de arvenses fue menor que sobre el número de las mismas y no hubo...

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“…Modelos sobre o efeito da temperatura na germinação podem ser aplicados em trabalhos visando o manejo mais adequado de plantas daninhas (Grundy et al 2003;Battla & Benech-Arnold 2006). Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dependência térmica da germinação de sementes de Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Cariophyllaceae)

Cardoso

2009

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(Dependência térmica da germinação de sementes de Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Cariophyllaceae)). A temperatura representa um importante fator ambiental regulador da germinação de sementes. Procurou-se avaliar a resposta de sementes de D. cordata à temperatura, com base no modelo de graus-dia, testando-se assim a eficiência desse modelo em descrever o comportamento germinativo da semente em diferentes regimes térmicos. Testou-se também a resposta das sementes à luz, concluindo-se que a luz branca promove a germinação. As temperaturas mínima, ótima e máxima de germinação foram, respectivamente, 17,1, 26 e 33,4 °C. Considerando-se que a velocidade de germinação de D. cordata variou com a temperatura numa relação aproximadamente linear, o modelo de graus-dia pode ser uma ferramenta válida para se estudar a dependência da temperatura da germinação dessas sementes. Uma possível aquisição de dormência durante a incubação isotérmica pode exigir a aplicação de outros modelos que descrevam melhor o comportamento germinativo de D. cordata em diferentes regimes térmicos. Palavras-chave: fotoblastismo, graus dia, planta invasora, temperaturaABSTRACT -(Thermal-dependence of seed germination in Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Cariophyllaceae)). Temperature is an important environmental factor controlling seed germination. The temperature response of D. cordata seeds was assessed on a thermal time basis in order to evaluate this model describing germination behavior of the seeds under different thermal regimes. Seed response to light was also tested, and the results led to the conclusion that germination was promoted by white light. Base, optima and ceiling temperatures for germination of D. cordata were, respectively, 17.1 °C, 26 °C and 33.4 °C. Since germination rate was linearly related to temperature, the thermal time model can be used to assess temperature dependence of seed germination in D.cordata. Possible acquisition of seed dormancy during imbibition may not allow a good fit of cumulative germination under some temperature regimes, and other models must be used.

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Emergence of Chenopodium album and Stellaria media of different origins under different climatic conditions

Abstract: demonstrates the possibility of developing robust generic models for simple predictions of emergence timing across populations.

Cited by 45 publications

References 23 publications

Seasonal emergence of selected summer annual weed species in dependence on soil temperature

Seasonal emergence of selected summer annual weed species in dependence on soil temperature

Weed harrowing in winter cereal under semi-arid conditions

Dependência térmica da germinação de sementes de Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Cariophyllaceae)

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