Emergence of<i>Bordetella holmesii</i>as a Causative Agent of Whooping Cough, Barcelona, Spain

Mir-Cros, Alba; Codina, Gema; Martín-Gómez, M Teresa; Fàbrega, Anna; Martínez, Xavier; Jané, Mireia; Esso, Diego Van; Cornejo, Thais; Rodrigo, Carlos; Campins, Magda; Pumarola, Tomás; González-López, Juan José

doi:10.3201/eid2311.170960

Cited by 25 publications

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“…The present genomic study of the genus Bordetella highlights patterns of chromosome structural variation in two species, B. parapertussis and B. holmesii. Although B. pertussis is the primary agent, B. parapertussis also causes clinical whooping cough (18,28,56), and increasing reports have attributed pertussis-like cough illness to B. holmesii (19)(20)(21)(22). Current acellular pertussis vaccines contain immunogenic proteins purified from B. pertussis and provide no cross-protection against B. holmesii (57,58) and debated protection against B. parapertussis (59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B. holmesii and B. parapertussis cause similar cough illnesses in humans that, while generally regarded as less severe, can be clinically indistinguishable from B. pertussis infection and meet the pertussis clinical case definition (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Cocirculation and coinfection have been reported with no discernible difference in symptomology between etiologies (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

et al. 2019

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Whooping cough (pertussis), primarily caused by Bordetella pertussis, has resurged in the United States, and circulating strains exhibit considerable chromosome structural fluidity in the form of rearrangement and deletion. The genus Bordetella includes additional pathogenic species infecting various animals, some even causing pertussis-like respiratory disease in humans; however, investigation of their genome evolution has been limited. We studied chromosome structure in complete genome sequences from 167 Bordetella species isolates, as well as 469 B. pertussis isolates, to gain a generalized understanding of rearrangement patterns among these related pathogens. Observed changes in gene order primarily resulted from large inversions and were only detected in species with genomes harboring multicopy insertion sequence (IS) elements, most notably B. holmesii and B. parapertussis. While genomes of B. pertussis contain >240 copies of IS481, IS elements appear less numerous in other species and yield less chromosome structural diversity through rearrangement. These data were further used to predict all possible rearrangements between IS element copies present in Bordetella genomes, revealing that only a subset is observed among circulating strains. Therefore, while it appears that rearrangement occurs less frequently in other species than in B. pertussis, these clinically relevant respiratory pathogens likely experience similar mutation of gene order. The resulting chromosome structural fluidity presents both challenges and opportunity for the study of Bordetella respiratory pathogens. IMPORTANCE Bordetella pertussis is the primary agent of whooping cough (pertussis). The Bordetella genus includes additional pathogens of animals and humans, including some that cause pertussis-like respiratory illness. The chromosome of B. pertussis has previously been shown to exhibit considerable structural rearrangement, but insufficient data have prevented comparable investigation in related species. In this study, we analyze chromosome structure variation in several Bordetella species to gain a generalized understanding of rearrangement patterns in this genus. Just as in B. pertussis, we observed inversions in other species that likely result from common mutational processes. We used these data to further predict additional, unobserved inversions, suggesting that specific genome structures may be preferred in each species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

et al. 2019

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“…holmesii in 1.1 to 4.1% of positive samples and B. parapertussis in 0.3 to 8.2% of positive samples (27, 28). In addition, a study in France described a very high prevalence, up to 20%, of B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation and Implementation of a Diagnostic Algorithm for DNA Detection of Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. holmesii in a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Barcelona, Spain

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to validate a comprehensive diagnostic protocol based on real-time PCR for the rapid detection and identification of Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, and Bordetella holmesii, as well as its implementation in the diagnostic routine of a reference children’s hospital. The new algorithm included a triplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting IS481 gene (in B. pertussis, B. holmesii, and some Bordetella bronchiseptica strains), pIS1001 (B. parapertussis-specific) and rnase P as the human internal control.

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“…Current understanding of the whooping-cough etiology has changed, since it is not restricted to infections exclusively caused by B. pertussis , but embraces also pertussis-like illnesses caused by B. holmesii and B. parapertussis . B. pertussis is still a primary causative agent of whooping-cough, with B. holmesii , emerging as the second, and followed by B. parapertussis [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 28 ]. The relation between B. pertussis and B. holmesii infections remains unknown, but cases of the co-infection have been reported recently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A limited genetic variability among different strains B. holmesii might indicate a fairly recent adaptation to human hosts [ 6 ]. The relation between B. pertussis and B. holmesii infections remains unknown, but cases of the co-infection have been reported recently [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Although the infection rate with B. holmesii is low, ranging initially from < 1% of the diagnosed cases in the US and Canada [ 11 ], up to 20% in France [ 13 ] and 29% in Ohio, USA of patients tested for pertussis [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bordetella holmesii Lipopolysaccharide Hide and Seek Game with Pertussis: Structural Analysis of the O-Specific Polysaccharide and the Core Oligosaccharide of the Type Strain ATCC 51541

Ucieklak

Koj

Niedziela

2020

IJMS

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Whooping cough is a highly contagious disease caused predominantly by Bordetella pertussis, but it also comprises of a pertussis-like illness caused by B. holmesii. The virulence factors of B. holmesii and their role in the pathogenesis remain unknown. Lipopolysaccharide is the main surface antigen of all Bordetellae. Data on the structural features of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of B. holmesii are scarce. The poly- and oligosaccharide components released by mild acidic hydrolysis of the LPS were separated and investigated by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. The structures of the O-specific polysaccharide and the core oligosaccharide of B. holmesii ATCC 51541 have been identified for the first time. The novel pentasaccharide repeating unit of the B. holmesii O-specific polysaccharide has the following structure: {→2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→4)-[β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→3]-α-d-Galp-(1→3)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→}n. The SDS-PAGE and serological cross-reactivities of the B. holmesii LPS suggested the similarity between the core oligosaccharides of B. holmesii ATCC 51541 and B. pertussis strain 606. The main oligosaccharide fraction contained a nonasaccharide. The comparative analysis of the NMR spectra of B. holmesii core oligosaccharide fraction with this of the B. pertussis strain 606 indicated that the investigated core oligosaccharides were identical.

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Emergence ofBordetella holmesiias a Causative Agent of Whooping Cough, Barcelona, Spain

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

Validation and Implementation of a Diagnostic Algorithm for DNA Detection of Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. holmesii in a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Barcelona, Spain

Bordetella holmesii Lipopolysaccharide Hide and Seek Game with Pertussis: Structural Analysis of the O-Specific Polysaccharide and the Core Oligosaccharide of the Type Strain ATCC 51541

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