Emergence of G12 Rotavirus Strains in Delhi, India, in 2000 to 2007

Sharma, Sumit; Ray, Pratima; Gentsch, Jon R.; Glass, Roger I.; Kalra, Vijay K.; Bhan, M. K.

doi:10.1128/jcm.02358-07

Cited by 79 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, some lower efficacy of vaccination is reported in less developed countries [17], possibly related to unsatisfactory herd immunity established against uncommon rotavirus genotypes HeAltH rIsks from wAter AnD new cHAllenges for tHe future circulating in these areas [11,18]. Vaccination is also considered an important line of defense for several animal species with an economic value.…”

Section: Serotypes Genotypes and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccine preventable viral diseases and risks associated with waterborne transmission

Ruggeri

Fiore

2012

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanità

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Abstract. Rotavirus and poliovirus are paradigmatic viruses for causing major diseases affecting the human population. The impact of poliovirus is remarkably diminished because of vaccination during the last half century. Poliomyelitis due to wild polio currently affects a limited number of countries, and since 2000 sporadic outbreaks have been associated to neurovirulent vaccine-derived polioviruses. Conversely, rotavirus is presently very diffuse, accounting for the largest fraction of severe gastroenteritis among children <5 years-old. Vaccination towards rotavirus is still in its dawn, and zoonotic strains contribute to the emergence and evolution of novel strains pathogenic to man. The environment, particularly surface water, is a possible vehicle for large transmission of both viruses, but environmental surveillance of circulating strains can help promptly monitor entry of new virulent strains into a country, their shedding and spread.Key words: rotavirus, poliovirus, vaccine, waterborne transmission, surveillance. Riassunto (Malattie virali prevenibili con la vaccinazione e rischi associati alla trasmissione idrica).Rotavirus e poliovirus sono virus paradigmatici nel causare malattie importanti della popolazione umana. L'impatto dei poliovirus è diminuito marcatamente durante mezzo secolo di vaccinazione. La poliomielite dovuta a polio selvaggio affligge solo un limitato numero di paesi, e dal 2000 epidemie sporadiche sono state associate a poliovirus nerurovirulenti vaccino-derivati. Al contrario, rotavirus è oggi molto diffuso, essendo implicato nella maggiore parte dei casi di gastroenterite grave nei bambini di meno di 5 anni. La vaccinazione contro i rotavirus è ancora agli albori, e ceppi zoonotici contribuiscono all'emergenza ed evoluzione di nuovi ceppi patogeni per l'uomo. L'ambiente, in particolare le acque superficiali, è un possibile veicolo per la trasmissione di entrambi i virus, ma la sorveglianza ambientale dei ceppi circolanti può aiutare a monitorare prontamente l'ingresso di nuovi ceppi virulenti in un paese, il loro rilascio e diffusione.

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Section: Serotypes Genotypes and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emerging G12 genotype increasingly reported in humans worldwide are also thought to have originated from swine establishing in man after animalhuman reassortments [15,18].…”

Section: Rotavirus Zoonotic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine preventable viral diseases and risks associated with waterborne transmission

Ruggeri

Fiore

2012

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanità

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“…4,22 Although the G9 genotype was only detected in 1.2% of samples, it further shows the global distribution of the G9 strains. Rotavirus G12 strains were first detected in the Philippines in 1987, 23 and in recent years they have been reported from Thailand, 24 India, 25 Indonesia, 26 Bangladesh, 27 and many other countries. In this study G12P [6] was detected in one sample, whereas G12P [8] was detected in six samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance and Molecular Characterization of Group A Rotaviruses in Goroka, Papua New Guinea

Horwood

Luang-Suarkia²,

Bebes³

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of group A rotaviruses in cases of acute gastroenteritis in Goroka, Papua New Guinea. From April 2008 through November 2010, 813 diarrheal stool samples were collected from children 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 31.2% of samples using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genotyping revealed the presence of the globally circulating strains G1P[8] (50.0%), G3P[8] (23.0%), and G2P[4] (8.2%). The globally emerging strains G9 and G12 were detected in 1.2% and 6.1% of samples, respectively. Mixed infections were detected in a high proportion of samples (11.9%), with 9.0% and 3.7% of samples displaying multiple G and P genotypes, respectively.

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“…8 Previous evidence suggests that the monovalent vaccine provides protection against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G 1 and non-G 1 strains, 21 and the ability of the vaccine to protect against a wide variety of strains might be important in India, where strain diversity is substantial. 22 In a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial, the pentavalent vaccine was found to be safe and efficacious [efficacy of 48% (95% CI 22-66)] against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in Bangladesh and Vietnam 19 and the results of the study supported expanded WHO recommendations to promote its global use. 2 In addition, in a metaanalysis, rotavirus vaccines were found to be efficacious against rotavirus morbidity and mortality and have the potential to substantially reduce child mortality in low-income countries if implemented appropriately.…”

Section: Overview Of Available Rotavirus Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rotavirus vaccine: A cost effective control measure for India

Kumar

Goel

Jain

et al. 2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Globally, rotavirus diarrhea results in 453,000 deaths in children younger than 5 y-37% of deaths attributable to diarrhea and 5% of all deaths in children younger than 5 y. India alone accounts for 22% (~100,000 deaths) of all deaths attributable to rotavirus infection. Two oral rotavirus vaccines are available: Rotarix, a monovalent P1A[8] G 1 vaccine (GlaxoSmithKline), and RotaTeq, a pentavalent bovine-human reassortant vaccine (Merck). Rotarix is administered in a 2-dose schedule with the first and second doses of DTP (DTP1, DTP2). RotaTeq requires a 3-dose schedule with DTP1, DTP2 and DTP3 with an interval of 4-10 weeks between doses. The first dose of either vaccine should be administered to infants aged 6-15 weeks irrespective of the history of previous rotavirus infection, and the maximum age for administering the last dose of either vaccine should be 32 weeks. Although India would require funding from international health organizations/ GAVI until new indigenous rotavirus vaccine candidates are developed at a cheaper price, introduction of vaccination into the national immunization program would be a cost-effective step toward control of the rotavirus diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality in India.

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Emergence of G12 Rotavirus Strains in Delhi, India, in 2000 to 2007

Cited by 79 publications

References 55 publications

Vaccine preventable viral diseases and risks associated with waterborne transmission

Vaccine preventable viral diseases and risks associated with waterborne transmission

Surveillance and Molecular Characterization of Group A Rotaviruses in Goroka, Papua New Guinea

Rotavirus vaccine: A cost effective control measure for India

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