Emergence of a Sharing Norm in a Simulated Hunter-Gatherer Society

Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy; Arulanandam, Rexy; Savarimuthu, Sharmila

doi:10.1109/wi-iat.2011.141

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The first perspective, norms as deontic concepts, views norms as permissions or prohibitions and obligations, or commitments and is referred to as norms as prescriptions [7], or the prescriptive approach [27]. Here we refer to it as the prescriptive perspective.…”

Section: The Prescriptive Perspective and The Norm Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

A Norm Emergence Framework for Normative MAS -- Position Paper

Morris-Martin¹,

Vos²,

Padget³

2020

Preprint

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Norm emergence is typically studied in the context of multiagent systems (MAS) where norms are implicit, and participating agents use simplistic decision-making mechanisms. These implicit norms are usually unconsciously shared and adopted through agent interaction. A norm is deemed to have emerged when a threshold or predetermined percentage of agents follow the "norm". Conversely, in normative MAS, norms are typically explicit and agents deliberately share norms through communication or are informed about norms by an authority, following which an agent decides whether to adopt the norm or not. The decision to adopt a norm by the agent can happen immediately after recognition or when an applicable situation arises. In this paper, we make the case that, similarly, a norm has emerged in a normative MAS when a percentage of agents adopt the norm. Furthermore, we posit that agents themselves can and should be involved in norm synthesis, and hence influence the norms governing the MAS, in line with Ostrom's eight principles. Consequently, we put forward a framework for the emergence of norms within a normative MAS, that allows participating agents to propose/request changes to the normative system, while special-purpose synthesizer agents formulate new norms or revisions in response to these requests. Synthesizers must collectively agree that the new norm or norm revision should proceed, and then finally be approved by an "Oracle". The normative system is then modified to incorporate the norm.

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Section: The Prescriptive Perspective and The Norm Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

A Norm Emergence Framework for Normative MAS -- Position Paper

Morris-Martin¹,

Vos²,

Padget³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the literature, most agents are programmed as inherently selfish: they only cooperate when it is the only or easiest way to achieve a higher payoff, making this one of the agent's main reasons for adopting a norm. Savarimuthu et al [92] demonstrate how a selfish agent can change their behaviour to become a sharer to increase their own payoff or to accomplish their goal. The observation of this behaviour change is interpreted as the agent adopting a sharing norm.…”

Section: Norm Adherence For Increased Payoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Norms as deontic concepts views norms as permissions/prohibitions and obligations, or commitments. Conte and Castelfranchi [32] refer to this perspective as "norms as prescriptions", while Savarimuthu et al [92] refer to it as the prescriptive approach. This deontic logic perspective on norms is widely studied in the literature.…”

Section: Perspectives and Representations Of Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here norms that emerge are seen as a particular behaviour, strategy, policy or action from a set of possible actions in a similar situation. Conte and Castelfranchi [32] refer to this perspective as norms as conventions, while Savarimuthu et al [92] refer to it as the emergence approach. The majority of societies, in the literature on norm emergence, adopt the notion of norm from this latter perspective as is clear from Table 1. Conte and Castelfranchi [32] posit that the norm literature presents them as a dichotomy, where at one end there is the rational view, in which conventions are considered and emergence is studied, while at the opposing end lies the prescriptive view, characterised by deliberate issuing of norms or laws.…”

Section: Perspectives and Representations Of Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the literature also includes many investigations of interactions with nearby agents or close neighbours [53,57,80,87,92,97,106]. Researchers argue that this method is preferred as it reflects human interaction.…”

Section: Learning From Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Norm emergence in multiagent systems: a viewpoint paper

Morris-Martin

Vos

Padget

2019

Auton Agent Multi-Agent Syst

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Norms are utilised in agent societies to encourage acceptable behaviour by the participating agents. They can be established or revised from the top-down (authority) or from the bottom-up (populace). The study of norm creation from the bottom-up-or norm emergence/convergence-shows evidence of increasing activity. In consequence, we seek to analyse and categorize the approaches proposed in the literature for facilitating norm emergence. This paper makes three contributions to the study of norm emergence. Firstly, we present the different perspectives of norms and their impact on the norm emergence process, with the aim of comparing their similarities and differences in implementing the norm life cycle. Secondly, we identify the characteristics that support norm emergence that are observed in the emergence literature. Finally, we identify and propose future topics for study for the community, through a discussion of the challenges and opportunities in norm emergence.

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