Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Biology and Therapeutic Options

Khan, Suliman; Siddique, Rabeea; Shereen, Muhammad Adnan; Ali, Ashaq; Li, Jianbo; Bai, Quan; Bashir, Nadia; Xue, Mengzhou

doi:10.1128/jcm.00187-20

Cited by 264 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus which caused an outbreak of an infectious disease that originated in Wuhan, China [1][2][3], is now a world pandemic. The genetic characteristics of this virus proved to be significantly different from human SARS-CoV and the Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and drug therapies in patients with the common-type coronavirus disease 2019 in Hunan, China

Huang

Deng

et al. 2020

Int J Clin Pharm

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Background Clinical characteristics of patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present differently within and outside the epicenter of Wuhan, China. More clinical investigations are needed. Objective The study was aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and therapeutic methods of COVID-19 patients in Hunan, China. Setting The First Hospital of Changsha, First People's Hospital of Huaihua, and the Central Hospital of Loudi, Hunan province, China. Methods This was a retrospective multi-center case-series analysis. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis hospitalized at the study centers from January 17 to February 10, 2020, were included. The following data were obtained from electronic medical records: demographics, medical history, exposure history, underlying comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, computer tomography scans, and treatment measures. Main outcome measure Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatments. Results A total of 54 patients were included (51 had the common-type COVID-19, three had the severe-type), the median age was 41, and 52% of them were men. The median time from the first symptoms to hospital admission was seven days. Among patients with the common-type COVID-19, the median length of stay was nine days, and 21 days among patients with severe COVID-19. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (74.5%), cough (56.9%), and fatigue (43.1%) among patients in the common-type group. Fourteen patients (37.8%) had a reduced WBC count, 23 (62.2%) had reduced eosinophil ratio, and 21 (56.76%) had decreased eosinophil count. The most common patterns on chest-computed tomography were ground-glass opacity (52.2%) and patchy bilateral shadowing (73.9%). Pharmacotherapy included recombinant human interferon α2b, lopinavir/ritonavir, novaferon, antibiotics, systematic corticosteroids and traditional Chinese medicine prescription. The outcome of treatment indicated that in patients with the common-type COVID-19, interferon-α2b, but not novaferon, had some benefits, antibiotics treatment was not needed, and corticosteroids should be used cautiously. Conclusion As of February 10, 2020, the symptoms of COVID-19 patients in Hunan province were relatively mild comparing to patients in Wuhan, the epicenter. We observed some treatment benefits with interferon-α2b and corticosteroid therapies but not with novaferon and antibiotic treatment in our study population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and drug therapies in patients with the common-type coronavirus disease 2019 in Hunan, China

Huang

Deng

et al. 2020

Int J Clin Pharm

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“…The rapid increase in suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 suggests that virus transmission may occur by droplet infection and a fecal-oral route. Moreover, transmission from people with mild or no symptoms or before symptom onset may reduce the effect of such isolation strategies (Khan et al, 2020;Niud & Xu, 2020;Rothe et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments

Monteleone¹,

Nakano²,

Lazar³

et al. 2020

JBRA Assisted Reproduction

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The current outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease started in China in December 2019 and has since spread to several other countries. On March 25, 2020, a total of 375,498 cases had been confirmed globally with 2,201 cases in Brazil, showing the urgency of reacting to this international public health emergency. While in most cases, mild symptoms are observed, in some cases the infection leads to serious pulmonary disease. As a result, the possible consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak for pregnant women and its potential effects on the management of assisted reproductive treatments, demand attention. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress related to COVID-19 epidemiology and the reported data of pregnant women, and discuss the current evidence of COVID-19 infections during pregnancy and its potential consequences for assisted reproductive treatments. Reported data suggest that symptoms in pregnant women are similar to those in other people, and that there is no evidence for higher maternal or fetal risks. However, considering the initial data and lack of comprehensive knowledge on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, human reproduction societies have recommended postponing the embryo transfers and do not initiate new treatment cycles. New evidence must be considered carefully in order to adjust these recommendations accordingly at any time and to guide assisted reproductive treatments.

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“…Even summary statements from those countries farther along the track of this pandemic broadly reference "patients with serious underlying disease" as being at high risk of poor outcomes without particulars 4,5 . Moreover, some very recent articles focus on the possible benefits of immunosuppressive drugs, both synthetic and biologic, to fight COVID-19, including early rumblings about the potential positive effect of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) 6,7 . Then on Thursday, March 19, US President Donald Trump stated that antimalarials showed tremendous promise and "could be a game-changer."…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Consequences of a Shortage of Hydroxychloroquine for Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Peschken

2020

J Rheumatol

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Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Biology and Therapeutic Options

Cited by 264 publications

References 60 publications

Clinical characteristics and drug therapies in patients with the common-type coronavirus disease 2019 in Hunan, China

Clinical characteristics and drug therapies in patients with the common-type coronavirus disease 2019 in Hunan, China

A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments

Possible Consequences of a Shortage of Hydroxychloroquine for Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

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