Embryonic osmoregulation: Consequences of high and low water loss during incubation of the chicken egg

Davis, Thomas A.; Shen, Sheldon S.; Ackerman, Ralph A.

doi:10.1002/jez.1402450205

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that the regulation of allantoic fluid volume and ion content, and the action of the CAM surrounding it are important processes of the osmoregulatory system of the chick embryo which compensate for the water loss caused by diffusion across the eggshell. Thus, the functions of the CAM are to preserve osmotic conditions in the blood and fluid around the embryo, and to allow normal embryonic growth (Davis et al, 1988). The role of AQP1 in the CAM is to regulate high rates of water movement to maintain constant embryo water during egg incubation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaporin‐1 expression in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane

et al. 2002

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The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is commonly used in vivo to study both angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis. Rapid membrane water transport is mediated by a family of molecular water channels, called aquaporins (AQPs), which have been identified in the epithelial and endothelial cells of higher vertebrates. AQP1, expressed in adsorptive and secretory epithelia, is also expressed in endothelial cells of capillaries and arteries. Its mRNA has been found in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of arteries and capillaries, as well as in a subset of VSMCs of human atherosclerotic plaques. This study investigated the developmental expression of AQP1 in the chick CAM by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Western blot results show that a major nonglycosylated band was observed with electrophoretic mobility of approximately 28 kDa in the three developmental stages examined. Immunohistochemistry data demonstrate that AQP1 was clearly expressed in the ectodermal and endodermal epithelia, the vascular endothelium, and the VSMCs. Because little information is available on the behavior of microvessel AQP1 during angiogenesis in normal and pathological conditions, our data relative to the pattern of expression of AQP1 in CAM blood vessels in normal conditions may be considered a useful tool to further investigate its modifications in several experimental conditions implying a stimulation or an inhibition of angiogenesis in the CAM assay. Anat Rec 268: 85-89, 2002.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaporin‐1 expression in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane

et al. 2002

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“…The continual loss of water during incubation period through the eggshell, along with the compartmentalization of water throughout the egg, serve in embryonic osmoregulation despite the maintenance of a consistent total egg water content with the oxidation of yolk and the production of metabolic water (Ar, 1990;Davis et al, 1988). Eggshell permeability, as measured by egg moisture loss at the end of incubation was significantly affected by egg sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efecto del peso y la línea, sobre la utilización de los componentes del huevo y peso embrionario durante la incubación

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYThe study was conducted to determine the effect of egg size on egg components utilization and embryonic weight during incubation of Dominant Black (DB) and Yaffa Brown (YB) strains of pullet eggs. A total of 810 hatching pullet eggs (405 eggs per strain) were grouped into three egg sizes (small, medium and large) per strain resulting in six treatment groups which were replicated three times with 45 eggs per replicate. Two eggs per replicate were used to determine the embryonic, albumen and yolk weight on each of the days 1, 7, 10, 15, and 18 of incubation resulting into a total of 180 eggs. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance in a 2 x 3 factorial experimental layout. Results revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in albumen percentage as egg weight increased (r = 0.93) in both strains before incubation. The albumen weight decreased steadily to zero from day 1 till the end of incubation while the rate of yolk weight did not show the same pattern. The ranged values of albumen percentage for large, medium and small eggs were; 58.89 ± 10.78 to 1.75 ± 0.56, 56.83 ± 0.55 to 0.61 ± 0.28 and 54.04 ± 1.81 to 5.42 ± 0.89, respectively. At 18 th day, the embryonic weights of both medium and large-sized eggs (28.56 and 28.80 g, respectively) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than small-sized eggs (22.54). It could be concluded that the rate of albumen utilization during incubation influenced the embryonic weight (r = -0.97). Also the high content of yolk when compared with that of albumen towards the end of incubation in the three groups could result from the need for energy and protein by the developing embryo after hatching before access to any feed. RESUMENSe determinó el efecto del tamaño sobre la utilización de los componentes del huevo y peso embrionario durante la incubación de huevos de las líneas Dominant Black (DB) y Yaffa Brown (YB). Un total de 810 huevos (405 por línea), fueron agrupados en tres tamaños por línea (pequeños, medios y grandes) dispuestos en seis grupos experimentales con tres replicaciones de 45 huevos cada una. Un total de 180 huevos, dos por repetición, fueron usados para determinar el peso de albumen y yema embrionarios los días 1, 7, 10, 15 y 18 de la incubación. Los resultados fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza en una disposición factorial 2 x 3. En ambas líneas, antes de la incubación, se registró un aumento (p<0,05) del porcentaje de albumen al hacerlo el peso del huevo (r = 0,93). El peso del albumen disminuyó hasta cero de forma sostenida desde el día 1 hasta el final de la incubación, aunque la proporción de yema no siguió el mismo modelo. Los rangos de porcentaje de albumen fueron los siguientes de 58,89 ± 10,78 a 1,75 ± 0,56, para los huevos grandes, de 56,83 ± 0,55 a 0,61 ± 0,28, para los medianos y de 54,04 ± 1,81 a 5,42 ± 0,89 para los pequeños. El día 18 los pesos embrionarios de los huevos medianos y grandes (28,56 y 28,80 g, Archivos de zootecnia vol. 62, núm. 238, p. 192. EGBEYALE, SOGUNLE, ABIOLA, OZOJE, SOWANDE AND ADELEYE respectivamente) f...

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“…Eggs which lost less than 10% or more than 20% of their initial weight were less likely to hatch. Excessive water loss during incubation causes early depletion of allantoic fluids, which results in the subsequent dehydration of the embryo and extends the period of osmotic stress (Davis et al, 1988). On the other hand, the insufficient water loss from the egg results in water retention in the chick, potentially causing embryonic mortality through respiratory insufficiency (Musara et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of incubation management on pipping position, hatching ability and survival of ostrich chicks

Brand¹,

Cloete²,

Malecki³

et al. 2011

SA J. An. Sci.

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Despite numerous studies, the effect of artificial incubation on the hatchability and survival of nearterm ostrich chicks is still not well understood. Records from 13 975 eggs with embryos of 35 days and older, artificially incubated between 2006 and 2008, were analysed to determine the potential effect of pipping position upon the hatchability, and the subsequent survival of ostrich chicks. A total of 864 nearterm chicks (6.9%) failed to pip. Chicks that pipped in the correct position had a higher probability of surviving hatching than those pipping in the incorrect position. Genotype did not affect the proportion of chicks pipping in the correct position, or the survival of hatching ostrich chicks pipping in either the correct or incorrect positions. Although female age had a significant effect on the proportion of chicks pipping, the survival of hatchlings was independent of female age. Chicks hatching during winter were more likely to pip than chicks hatching in spring, whereas chicks hatching in summer were more likely to pip in the correct position. In winter the proportion of chicks pipping in incorrect positions were significantly higher than in either summer or autumn. The survival rate of chicks hatching during winter was generally higher than those hatching in the other seasons. The transfer of eggs between setters during incubation, had a negative influence on the ability of ostrich chicks pipping in the correct position. Incubated ostrich eggs with intermediate levels of water loss, i.e. between 9.0 and 18.9% of fresh-egg weight, were more likely to pip in the correct position overall than those with higher or lower levels of water loss. Chicks from eggs stored for intermediate periods, i.e. 3, 4 and 6 days prior to being set, were more likely to pip than chicks from those eggs set directly after collection without storage. Storage time also affected pipping position, with chicks from eggs stored for five days being more likely to pip in the correct position than chicks from those eggs set directly after collection. These results emphasize the need for ostrich incubation facilities to avoid the transfer of eggs between setters during artificial incubation, strive to achieve an optimal level of water loss, and apply a protocol of not setting eggs immediately after collection to maximize the hatchability of chicks pipping in the correct position and post-hatching survival.

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Embryonic osmoregulation: Consequences of high and low water loss during incubation of the chicken egg

Cited by 76 publications

References 28 publications

Aquaporin‐1 expression in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane

Aquaporin‐1 expression in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane

Efecto del peso y la línea, sobre la utilización de los componentes del huevo y peso embrionario durante la incubación

Influence of incubation management on pipping position, hatching ability and survival of ostrich chicks

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