Embryonic death, dwarfism and fetal malformations after irradiation of embryos at the zygote stage: studies on two mouse strains

Jacquet, P.; Saint-Georges, L. de; Vankerkom, Jean; Baugnet‐Mahieu, L.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(95)00156-4

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently Devi and Hossain (2001) confirmed that 14 days postcoitus is a critical period for radiation-induced impairment of postnatal growth that occurred with a dose of 0.3 Gy, but not for congenital anomalies. Jacquet et al (1995) confirmed that preimplantation irradiation is associated mainly with prenatal loss and stated that for subsequent exposure the increased risk of congenital anomalies is significant for the doses of 10.5 and 100 Gy. In contrast, Hillerbrand et al have stated that irradiation during the preimplantation stage is associated with increased risk of gastroschisis in a specific mouse strain at the dose of 1 Gy.…”

Section: Animal Studiessupporting

confidence: 50%

Radiation effects on development

Santis¹,

Cesari²,

Nobili³

et al. 2007

Birth Defects Research Pt C

131

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It has been widely reported that prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation can interfere with embryonic and fetal development, depending on dose and gestational age in which exposure occurs. According to several studies on animal models, different well-defined stages during prenatal life can be distinguished in relation to teratogenic effects. During the preimplantation stage, elevated doses of radiation can result in abortion, while lower doses may produce genomic damage that is usually repaired. On the other hand, during the organogenesis stage in mice (embryonic day 6.5 [E6.5] to E13.5), irradiation is associated with increased incidence of malformation and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Later exposure is linked to brain damage. Doses used in animal studies are generally higher than those used for diagnostic procedures in humans. Usually, radiation exposure to diagnostic range (<0.05 Gy = 5 rads) is not associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies. In human studies, elevated doses produce adverse outcomes, depending on stage of development, as in animal studies. Blastogenesis (up to two weeks) is associated with failure to implant or no significant health effects. An increased risk of malformation and growth retardation can be observed for two to seven weeks exposure (organogenesis stage), while exposure at later stages (fetogenesis) is mainly associated with brain damage. In this review we focus on the relevance of estimating the cumulative dose of radiation to the fetus and the gestational age in which exposure occurs, to provide appropriate counseling to pregnant women.

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Section: Animal Studiessupporting

confidence: 50%

Radiation effects on development

Santis¹,

Cesari²,

Nobili³

et al. 2007

Birth Defects Research Pt C

131

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“…Radiation induced a dose-dependent increase of pre-implantation loss in the BALB/c strain of mice and early post-implantation loss in the CF1 strain of mice. However, embryos of the BALB/c strain were refractory to the induction of teratogenic effects after such pre-implantation irradiation [59]. In the CF1 female Swiss mice, subjecting the half-day-old embryo (prior to the first cleavage) to a low-dose irradiation of 50 mGy increased embryonic death [62].…”

Section: Ldir and Ldrir-induced Bionegative Effects In Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation–induced bioeffects in animal models

Tang

Loke

Khoo

2016

Journal of Radiation Research

118

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Animal experimental studies indicate that acute or chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) (≤100 mSv) or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation (LDRIR) (<6 mSv/h) exposures may be harmful. It induces genetic and epigenetic changes and is associated with a range of physiological disturbances that includes altered immune system, abnormal brain development with resultant cognitive impairment, cataractogenesis, abnormal embryonic development, circulatory diseases, weight gain, premature menopause in female animals, tumorigenesis and shortened lifespan. Paternal or prenatal LDIR/LDRIR exposure is associated with reduced fertility and number of live fetuses, and transgenerational genomic aberrations. On the other hand, in some experimental studies, LDIR/LDRIR exposure has also been reported to bring about beneficial effects such as reduction in tumorigenesis, prolonged lifespan and enhanced fertility. The differences in reported effects of LDIR/LDRIR exposure are dependent on animal genetic background (susceptibility), age (prenatal or postnatal days), sex, nature of radiation exposure (i.e. acute, fractionated or chronic radiation exposure), type of radiation, combination of radiation with other toxic agents (such as smoking, pesticides or other chemical toxins) or animal experimental designs. In this review paper, we aimed to update radiation researchers and radiologists on the current progress achieved in understanding the LDIR/LDRIR-induced bionegative and biopositive effects reported in the various animal models. The roles played by a variety of molecules that are implicated in LDIR/LDRIR-induced health effects will be elaborated. The review will help in future investigations of LDIR/LDRIR-induced health effects by providing clues for designing improved animal research models in order to clarify the current controversial/contradictory findings from existing studies.

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“…Numerous articles using the rat and mouse confirm the all-or-none phenomenon (Job et al 1935;Russell 1950Russell , 1954Hicks et al 1953;Wilson et al 1953b;Russell and Russell 1956;Brent 1960aBrent , 1970Brent , 1999Brent and Bolden 1967a, 1968Coppenger and Brown 1967;Friedberg et al 1973;Schlesinger and Brent 1978;Roux et al 1983;Mazur 1984;Jacquet et al 1995;Adam 2012;Brent 2014b). Many other investigators have confirmed these findings, including Kim et al (2001), indicating no increase in malformations or growth retardation in mice following 2 Gy (gamma rays) at a preimplantation stage.…”

Section: The All-or-none Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 53%

Protection of the Gametes Embryo/Fetus From Prenatal Radiation Exposure

Brent¹

2015

Health Physics

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There is no convincing evidence of germline mutation manifest as heritable disease in the offspring of humans attributable to ionizing radiation, yet radiation clearly induces mutations in microbes and somatic cells of rodents and humans. Doses to the embryo estimated to be in the range of 0.15-0.2 Gy during the pre-implantation and pre-somite stages may increase the risk of embryonic loss. However, an increased risk of congenital malformations or growth retardation has not been observed in the surviving embryos. These results are primarily derived from mammalian animal studies and are referred to as the "all-or-none phenomenon." The tissue reaction effects of ionizing radiation (previously referred to as deterministic effects) are congenital malformations, mental retardation, decreased intelligence quotient, microcephaly, neurobehavioral effects, convulsive disorders, growth retardation (height and weight), and embryonic and fetal death (miscarriage, stillbirth). All these effects are consistent with having a threshold dose below which there is no increased risk. The risk of cancer in offspring that have been exposed to diagnostic x-ray procedures while in utero has been debated for 55 y. High doses to the embryo or fetus (e.g., >0.5 Gy) increase the risk of cancer. Most pregnant women exposed to x-ray procedures and other forms of ionizing radiation today received doses to the embryo or fetus <0.1 Gy. The risk of cancer in offspring exposed in utero at exposures <0.1 Gy is controversial and has not been fully resolved. Diagnostic imaging procedures using ionizing radiation that are clinically indicated for the pregnant patient and her fetus should be performed because the clinical benefits outweigh the potential oncogenic risks.

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Embryonic death, dwarfism and fetal malformations after irradiation of embryos at the zygote stage: studies on two mouse strains

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Radiation effects on development

Radiation effects on development

Low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation–induced bioeffects in animal models

Protection of the Gametes Embryo/Fetus From Prenatal Radiation Exposure

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